Articles | Volume 15, issue 13
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-5211-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-5211-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Model description paper
| 
07 Jul 2022
Model description paper |
| 07 Jul 2022
| 07 Jul 2022
Computation of longwave radiative flux and vertical heating rate with 4A-Flux v1.0 as an integral part of the radiative transfer code 4A/OP v1.5
LMD/IPSL, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, ENS, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Palaiseau, France
Cyril Crevoisier
LMD/IPSL, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, ENS, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Palaiseau, France
Raymond Armante
LMD/IPSL, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, ENS, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Palaiseau, France
Jean-Louis Dufresne
LMD/IPSL, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, ENS, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Palaiseau, France
Nicolas Meilhac
FX CONSEIL, École Polytechnique, 91128, Palaiseau CEDEX, France
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Victor Bon, Cyril Crevoisier, and Virginie Capelle
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 13103–13119, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-13103-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-13103-2026, 2026
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To understand how fires influence climate, we need to understand the transport of their emissions. Using satellite observations, we detected day-to-day evolution of carbon dioxide high in the atmosphere (8–11 km) and traced the air back in time to identify fire sources. We showed that carbon dioxide and fire activity daily variability were strongly linked. Also, comparing observation data and a widely used modelling system showed model failed to reproduce the largest events.
Yves Langevin, Sébastien Rodriguez, Sandrine Guerlet, François Poulet, Giuseppe Piccioni, Livio Agostini, Raymond Armante, Emiliano D'Aversa, Gianrico Filacchione, Leigh Fletcher, Fabrizio Oliva, Clément Royer, Benoît Seignovert, Katrin Stephan, Federico Tosi, and Tim Trent
Ann. Geophys., 44, 825–853, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-44-825-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-44-825-2026, 2026
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We present an updated spectral and radiometric calibration of the Moons and Jupiter Imaging Spectrometer (MAJIS) aboard the Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE), based on results of Earth and Moon observations in August 2024 and on observations of the MAJIS internal calibration unit. Very good agreements were obtained with results of other instruments and models. These MAJIS observations provide a promising teaser of what will be achieved by MAJIS in the system of Jupiter.
Nicolas Cézard, Matthieu Valla, Laurent Lombard, Béatrice Augere, Julien Lahyani, William Patiño-Rosas, Didier Goular, Christophe Planchat, Agnès Dolfi-Bouteyre, Anne Durecu, François Gustave, Anasthase Liméry, Mathieu Quatrevalet, Elias Wolkiewiez, and Cyril Crevoisier
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-4286, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-4286, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Measurement Techniques (AMT).
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Wind is an essential physical variable in atmospheric physics. The paper reports on high resolution wind measurements performed with a long-range airborne Coherent Doppler Lidar, during a campaign that took place in summer 2021, in France and in the Arctic. Measurements are found to be in close agreement with radiosondes data as well as with modelled wind fields. This lidar appears as a promising tool for campaigns dedicated to climate modelling and atmospheric dynamics.
Emma Monnier, Florent Brient, and Jean-Louis Dufresne
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 10509–10531, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-10509-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-10509-2026, 2026
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Stratocumulus clouds over the ocean form large cellular patterns whose physics and dynamics remains poorly understood but reflects boundary layer circulation. Using five years of geostationary satellite data, we show these patterns follow a diurnal cycle in the South-East Pacific, growing in the morning, decaying in the afternoon, and stabilizing at night. Despite changes in cell size, their proportion relative to boundary layer depth stays stable, suggesting a fundamental organizing mechanism.
Florian Pignol, Sebastien Dorgan, Pablo Jais, Frédéric Romand, Gregoire Hein, Vincent Cassé, Raymond Armante, Nicolas Meilhac, and Cyril Crevoisier
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-1269, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-1269, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Measurement Techniques (AMT).
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Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, and emissions from industrial facilities are a significant driver of climate change. We present the GESat GEN1 mission that has been developed as a compact satellite system to detect and monitor such emissions from space. It relies on a miniaturized imaging instrument capable of producing high-resolution observations that allow methane plumes as small as 100kg/h to be traced back to their industrial point sources.
Marius Winkler, Marius Rixen, Florent Beucher, Fleur Couvreux, Chaehyeon C. Nam, Philippe Peyrillé, Hauke Schmidt, Hans Segura, Karl-Hermann Wieners, Ezri Alkilani-Brown, Abdou Aziz Coly, Giovanni Biagioli, Michael M. Bell, Ester Brito, Emma Chauvin, Julie Capo, Delián Colón-Burgos, Akeem Dawes, Jose Carlos da Luz, Zekican Demiralay, Vincent Douet, Vincent Ducastin, Clarisse Dufaux, Jean-Louis Dufresne, Florence Favot, Thomas Fiolleau, Emilie Fons, Geet George, Helene M. Gloeckner, Suelly Gonçalves, Laurent Gouttesoulard, Lennéa Hayo, Wei-Ting Hsiao, Sarah Kennison, Michael Kopelman, Tsung-Yung Lee, Enora Le Gall, Mateo Lovato, Emily Luschen, Nicolas Maury, Brett McKim, Louis Netz, Diouf Ousseynou, Karsten Peters-von Gehlen, Chavez Pope, Basile Poujol, Niwde Rivera Maldonado, Nina Robbins-Blanch, Nicolas Rochetin, Daniel Rowe, Paula Romero Jure, James H. Ruppert Jr., Jairo Segura Bermudez, Jarrett C. Starr, Martin Stelzner, Connor Stoll, Macintyre Syrett, Abraham Tekoe, Jeremie Trules, Colin Welty, Daniel Klocke, Raphaela Vogel, Sandrine Bony, Allison A. Wing, and Bjorn Stevens
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 18, 1833–1854, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-1833-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-1833-2026, 2026
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The RAPSODI dataset compiles 624 radiosonde profiles collected during the 2024 ORCESTRA campaign across the tropical Atlantic: from Cape Verde (INMG), the R/V Meteor, and the Barbados Cloud Observatory. It provides high-resolution temperature, humidity, wind, and pressure data to study convection, tropical waves, and ITCZ dynamics. Data are quality-controlled and openly available in Zarr format via IPFS.
Sandrine Guerlet, Raymond Armante, Ninon Lauzanne, François Poulet, Yves Langevin, Sébastien Rodriguez, Leigh Fletcher, Thierry Fouchet, Giuseppe Piccioni, and Alessandra Migliorini
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-805, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-805, 2026
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The JUpiter ICy moons Explorer spacecraft (JUICE) flew by the Moon and Earth on 19 and 20th August 2024, which was an excellent opportunity to test its instruments before its arrival at Jupiter in 2031. Here we evaluate the performances of one of its instruments, the Moon and Jupiter Imaging Spectrometer (MAJIS). We compared MAJIS observations of the Earth with measurements acquired on the same day by another instrument orbiting the Earth, and find an excellent match between the two instruments.
Félix Langot, Cyril Crevoisier, Thomas Lauvaux, Charbel Abdallah, Jérôme Pernin, Xin Lin, Marielle Saunois, Axel Guedj, Thomas Ponthieu, Julien Moyé, Michel Ramonet, Anke Roiger, Klaus-Dirk Gottschaldt, and Alina Fiehn
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 5955–5983, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-5955-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-5955-2025, 2025
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Our study compares outputs from meteorological and atmospheric composition models to data from the MAGIC2021 campaign that took place in Sweden. Our results highlight performance differences among models, revealing strengths and weaknesses of different modelling techniques. We also found that wetland emission inventories overestimated emissions in regional simulations. This work helps to refine methane emission predictions, essential for understanding climate change.
Gerald Wetzel, Anne Kleinert, Sören Johansson, Felix Friedl-Vallon, Michael Höpfner, Jörn Ungermann, Tom Neubert, Valéry Catoire, Cyril Crevoisier, Andreas Engel, Thomas Gulde, Patrick Jacquet, Oliver Kirner, Erik Kretschmer, Thomas Kulessa, Johannes C. Laube, Guido Maucher, Hans Nordmeyer, Christof Piesch, Peter Preusse, Markus Retzlaff, Georg Schardt, Johan Schillings, Herbert Schneider, Axel Schönfeld, Tanja Schuck, Wolfgang Woiwode, Martin Riese, and Peter Braesicke
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 5873–5894, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-5873-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-5873-2025, 2025
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We present vertical trace gas profiles from the first balloon flight of the newly developed GLORIA-B limb-imaging Fourier-Transform spectrometer. Longer-lived gases are compared to external measurements to assess the quality of the GLORIA-B observations. Diurnal changes of photochemically active species are compared to model simulations. GLORIA-B demonstrates the capability of balloon-borne limb imaging to provide high-resolution vertical profiles of trace gases up to the middle stratosphere.
Julie Carles, Nicolas Bellouin, Najda Villefranque, and Jean-Louis Dufresne
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 13953–13973, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-13953-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-13953-2025, 2025
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Cirrus and contrails affect Earth’s energy balance with a lot of remaining uncertainty. The balance between solar and terrestrial radiation is delicate to calculate, and factors such as cloud optical depth, shape, and Sun position are crucial to estimate the effect of those clouds on radiation. Also, often neglected three-dimensional paths of radiation, or 3D effects, may be important to account for at the climatic scale.
Matthieu Dogniaux and Cyril Crevoisier
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 5373–5396, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-5373-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-5373-2024, 2024
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Many CO2-observing satellite concepts, with very different design choices and trade-offs, are expected to be put into orbit during the upcoming decade. This work uses numerical simulations to explore the impact of critical design parameters on the performance of upcoming CO2-observing satellite concepts.
Anna Agustí-Panareda, Jérôme Barré, Sébastien Massart, Antje Inness, Ilse Aben, Melanie Ades, Bianca C. Baier, Gianpaolo Balsamo, Tobias Borsdorff, Nicolas Bousserez, Souhail Boussetta, Michael Buchwitz, Luca Cantarello, Cyril Crevoisier, Richard Engelen, Henk Eskes, Johannes Flemming, Sébastien Garrigues, Otto Hasekamp, Vincent Huijnen, Luke Jones, Zak Kipling, Bavo Langerock, Joe McNorton, Nicolas Meilhac, Stefan Noël, Mark Parrington, Vincent-Henri Peuch, Michel Ramonet, Miha Razinger, Maximilian Reuter, Roberto Ribas, Martin Suttie, Colm Sweeney, Jérôme Tarniewicz, and Lianghai Wu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3829–3859, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3829-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3829-2023, 2023
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We present a global dataset of atmospheric CO2 and CH4, the two most important human-made greenhouse gases, which covers almost 2 decades (2003–2020). It is produced by combining satellite data of CO2 and CH4 with a weather and air composition prediction model, and it has been carefully evaluated against independent observations to ensure validity and point out deficiencies to the user. This dataset can be used for scientific studies in the field of climate change and the global carbon cycle.
Matthieu Dogniaux, Cyril Crevoisier, Silvère Gousset, Étienne Le Coarer, Yann Ferrec, Laurence Croizé, Lianghai Wu, Otto Hasekamp, Bojan Sic, and Laure Brooker
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 4835–4858, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4835-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4835-2022, 2022
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The Space Carbon Observatory (SCARBO) concept proposes a constellation of small satellites that would carry a miniaturized Fabry–Pérot imaging interferometer named NanoCarb and an aerosol instrument named SPEXone. In this work, we assess the performance of this concept for the retrieval of the total weighted columns of CO2 and CH4 and show the interest of adding the SPEXone aerosol instrument to improve the CO2 and CH4 column retrieval.
Matthias Schneider, Benjamin Ertl, Qiansi Tu, Christopher J. Diekmann, Farahnaz Khosrawi, Amelie N. Röhling, Frank Hase, Darko Dubravica, Omaira E. García, Eliezer Sepúlveda, Tobias Borsdorff, Jochen Landgraf, Alba Lorente, André Butz, Huilin Chen, Rigel Kivi, Thomas Laemmel, Michel Ramonet, Cyril Crevoisier, Jérome Pernin, Martin Steinbacher, Frank Meinhardt, Kimberly Strong, Debra Wunch, Thorsten Warneke, Coleen Roehl, Paul O. Wennberg, Isamu Morino, Laura T. Iraci, Kei Shiomi, Nicholas M. Deutscher, David W. T. Griffith, Voltaire A. Velazco, and David F. Pollard
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 4339–4371, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4339-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4339-2022, 2022
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We present a computationally very efficient method for the synergetic use of level 2 remote-sensing data products. We apply the method to IASI vertical profile and TROPOMI total column space-borne methane observations and thus gain sensitivity for the tropospheric methane partial columns, which is not achievable by the individual use of TROPOMI and IASI. These synergetic effects are evaluated theoretically and empirically by inter-comparisons to independent references of TCCON, AirCore, and GAW.
Christophe Genthon, Dana Veron, Etienne Vignon, Delphine Six, Jean-Louis Dufresne, Jean-Baptiste Madeleine, Emmanuelle Sultan, and François Forget
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 5731–5746, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5731-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5731-2021, 2021
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A 10-year dataset of observation in the atmospheric boundary layer at Dome C on the high Antarctic plateau is presented. This is obtained with sensors at six levels along a tower higher than 40 m. The temperature inversion can reach more than 25 °C along the tower in winter, while full mixing by convection can occur in summer. Different amplitudes of variability for wind and temperature at the different levels reflect different signatures of solar vs. synoptic forcing of the boundary layer.
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Short summary
Accurate radiative transfer models (RTMs) are required to improve climate model simulations. We describe the module named 4A-Flux, which is implemented into 4A/OP RTM, aimed at calculating spectral longwave radiative fluxes given a description of the surface, atmosphere, and spectroscopy. In Pincus et al. (2020), 4A-Flux has shown good agreement with state-of-the-art RTMs. Here, it is applied to perform sensitivity studies and will be used to improve the understanding of radiative flux modeling.
Accurate radiative transfer models (RTMs) are required to improve climate model simulations. We...
