Articles | Volume 10, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4035-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4035-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
The PMIP4 contribution to CMIP6 – Part 4: Scientific objectives and experimental design of the PMIP4-CMIP6 Last Glacial Maximum experiments and PMIP4 sensitivity experiments
Masa Kageyama
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement,
LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191
Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Samuel Albani
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement,
LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191
Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Pascale Braconnot
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement,
LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191
Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Sandy P. Harrison
Centre for Past Climate Change and School
of Archaeology, Geography and Environmental Science (SAGES)
University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AH, UK
Peter O. Hopcroft
School
of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1SS, UK
Ruza F. Ivanovic
School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2
9JT, UK
Fabrice Lambert
Department of Physical Geography, Pontifical Catholic
University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
Olivier Marti
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement,
LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191
Gif-sur-Yvette, France
W. Richard Peltier
Department of Physics,
University of Toronto, 60 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7,
Canada
Jean-Yves Peterschmitt
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement,
LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191
Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Didier M. Roche
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement,
LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191
Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Earth and Climate Cluster, Faculty of Earth and Life
Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the
Netherlands
Lev Tarasov
Department of Physics and Physical Oceanography,
Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's,
NL, A1B 3X7, Canada
Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for
Polar and Marine Research, Bussestrasse 24, 27570,
Bremerhaven, Germany
Esther C. Brady
National Center for Atmospheric Research,
1850 Table Mesa Drive, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
Alan M. Haywood
School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2
9JT, UK
Allegra N. LeGrande
NASA Goddard
Institute for Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025, USA
Daniel J. Lunt
School
of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1SS, UK
Natalie M. Mahowald
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Bradfield 1112,
Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
Uwe Mikolajewicz
Max Planck Institute
for Meteorology, Bundesstrasse 53, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
Kerim H. Nisancioglu
Department of Earth Science, University of
Bergen and the Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway
Department of Geosciences
and the Centre for Earth Evolution and Dynamics, University of Oslo, Sem Sælands vei 2A, 0371 Oslo, Norway
Bette L. Otto-Bliesner
National Center for Atmospheric Research,
1850 Table Mesa Drive, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
Hans Renssen
Earth and Climate Cluster, Faculty of Earth and Life
Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the
Netherlands
Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health,
University College of Southeast Norway, Bø, Norway
Robert A. Tomas
National Center for Atmospheric Research,
1850 Table Mesa Drive, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
Qiong Zhang
Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University and Bolin
Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm, Sweden
Ayako Abe-Ouchi
Atmosphere Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5,
Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba 277-8564, Japan
Patrick J. Bartlein
Department of Geography, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR
97403-1251, USA
Jian Cao
Earth System Modeling Center, Nanjing University
of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University and Bolin
Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm, Sweden
Gerrit Lohmann
Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for
Polar and Marine Research, Bussestrasse 24, 27570,
Bremerhaven, Germany
Rumi Ohgaito
Atmosphere Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5,
Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba 277-8564, Japan
Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama,
Japan
Xiaoxu Shi
Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for
Polar and Marine Research, Bussestrasse 24, 27570,
Bremerhaven, Germany
Evgeny Volodin
Institute of Numerical Mathematics, Russian Academy of
Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Kohei Yoshida
Meteorological Research Institute,
Tsukuba, Japan
Xiao Zhang
School of Atmospheric Science,
Nanjing University of Information sciences and Technology,
Nanjing, 210044, China
International Pacific Research Center,
University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
Weipeng Zheng
State Key
Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical
Fluid Dynamics (LASG), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of
China, 100029, Beijing, China
Viewed
Total article views: 10,418 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 23 Feb 2017)
HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6,965 | 3,199 | 254 | 10,418 | 941 | 204 | 229 |
- HTML: 6,965
- PDF: 3,199
- XML: 254
- Total: 10,418
- Supplement: 941
- BibTeX: 204
- EndNote: 229
Total article views: 8,854 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 07 Nov 2017)
HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6,118 | 2,523 | 213 | 8,854 | 435 | 181 | 181 |
- HTML: 6,118
- PDF: 2,523
- XML: 213
- Total: 8,854
- Supplement: 435
- BibTeX: 181
- EndNote: 181
Total article views: 1,564 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 23 Feb 2017)
HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
847 | 676 | 41 | 1,564 | 506 | 23 | 48 |
- HTML: 847
- PDF: 676
- XML: 41
- Total: 1,564
- Supplement: 506
- BibTeX: 23
- EndNote: 48
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 10,418 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 9,641 with geography defined
and 777 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 8,854 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 8,137 with geography defined
and 717 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 1,564 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 1,504 with geography defined
and 60 with unknown origin.
Country | # | Views | % |
---|
Country | # | Views | % |
---|
Country | # | Views | % |
---|
Total: | 0 |
HTML: | 0 |
PDF: | 0 |
XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Total: | 0 |
HTML: | 0 |
PDF: | 0 |
XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Total: | 0 |
HTML: | 0 |
PDF: | 0 |
XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Cited
141 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Assessment of Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity of the Community Earth System Model Version 2 Through Simulation of the Last Glacial Maximum J. Zhu et al. 10.1029/2020GL091220
- Unraveling the complexities of the Last Glacial Maximum climate: the role of individual boundary conditions and forcings X. Shi et al. 10.5194/cp-19-2157-2023
- A Modeling Perspective on the Lingering Glacial Sea Surface Temperature Conundrum S. Krätschmer et al. 10.1029/2022GL100378
- A model-based comparison of paleo-physical processes in the Bay of Bengal M. Khan et al. 10.1007/s40808-024-02165-2
- Enabling possibilities to quantify past climate from fossil assemblages at a global scale M. Chevalier 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.01.016
- Impacts of the PMIP4 ice sheets on Northern Hemisphere climate during the last glacial period K. Izumi et al. 10.1007/s00382-022-06456-1
- Large Ensemble Particle Filter for Spatial Climate Reconstructions Using a Linear Inverse Model B. Jebri & M. Khodri 10.1029/2022MS003094
- Dynamic and thermodynamic influences on precipitation in Northeast Mexico on orbital to millennial timescales K. Wright et al. 10.1038/s41467-023-37700-9
- A global climatology of the ocean surface during the Last Glacial Maximum mapped on a regular grid (GLOMAP) A. Paul et al. 10.5194/cp-17-805-2021
- Arctic warming induced by the Laurentide Ice Sheet topography J. Liakka & M. Lofverstrom 10.5194/cp-14-887-2018
- Quantitative climatic reconstruction of the Last Glacial Maximum in China H. Wu et al. 10.1007/s11430-018-9338-3
- Deep water [CO32−] and circulation in the south China sea over the last glacial cycle S. Wan et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106499
- Aerosol-Climate Interactions During the Last Glacial Maximum S. Albani et al. 10.1007/s40641-018-0100-7
- Hypersensitivity of glacial summer temperatures in Siberia P. Bakker et al. 10.5194/cp-16-371-2020
- Causes of the weak emergent constraint on climate sensitivity at the Last Glacial Maximum M. Renoult et al. 10.5194/cp-19-323-2023
- Glacial Ice Sheet Extent Effects on Modeled Tidal Mixing and the Global Overturning Circulation S. Wilmes et al. 10.1029/2019PA003644
- Impacts of Large‐Scale Sahara Solar Farms on Global Climate and Vegetation Cover Z. Lu et al. 10.1029/2020GL090789
- Evaluating seasonal sea-ice cover over the Southern Ocean at the Last Glacial Maximum R. Green et al. 10.5194/cp-18-845-2022
- A Last Glacial Maximum forcing dataset for ocean modelling A. Morée & J. Schwinger 10.5194/essd-12-2971-2020
- The role of land cover in the climate of glacial Europe P. Velasquez et al. 10.5194/cp-17-1161-2021
- Millennial‐Scale Climate Oscillations Triggered by Deglacial Meltwater Discharge in Last Glacial Maximum Simulations Y. Romé et al. 10.1029/2022PA004451
- A salty deep ocean as a prerequisite for glacial termination G. Knorr et al. 10.1038/s41561-021-00857-3
- Clumped‐Isotope Constraint on Upper‐Tropospheric Cooling During the Last Glacial Maximum A. Banerjee et al. 10.1029/2022AV000688
- SaLEM (v1.0) – the Soil and Landscape Evolution Model (SaLEM) for simulation of regolith depth in periglacial environments M. Bock et al. 10.5194/gmd-11-1641-2018
- Atmospheric River Contributions to Ice Sheet Hydroclimate at the Last Glacial Maximum C. Skinner et al. 10.1029/2022GL101750
- Modeled variations of tropical cyclone genesis potential during Marine Isotope Stage 3 D. Huan et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2024.108503
- Glacial state of the global carbon cycle: time-slice simulations for the last glacial maximum with an Earth-system model T. Kurahashi-Nakamura et al. 10.5194/cp-18-1997-2022
- The Greenland spatial fingerprint of Dansgaard–Oeschger events in observations and models C. Buizert et al. 10.1073/pnas.2402637121
- Abrupt Climate and Weather Changes Across Time Scales G. Lohmann et al. 10.1029/2019PA003782
- Attribution of the Last Glacial Maximum climate formation J. Cao et al. 10.1007/s00382-019-04711-6
- Detection and explanation of spatiotemporal patterns in Late Cenozoic palaeoclimate change relevant to Earth surface processes S. Mutz & T. Ehlers 10.5194/esurf-7-663-2019
- Paleoclimate data provide constraints on climate models' large-scale response to past CO2 changes D. Lunt et al. 10.1038/s43247-024-01531-3
- PMIP4 experiments using MIROC-ES2L Earth system model R. Ohgaito et al. 10.5194/gmd-14-1195-2021
- Level Variations in the Caspian Sea under Different Climate Conditions by the Data of Simulation under CMIP6 Project A. Kislov & P. Morozova 10.1134/S0097807821060099
- Ocean Response in Transient Simulations of the Last Deglaciation Dominated by Underlying Ice‐Sheet Reconstruction and Method of Meltwater Distribution M. Kapsch et al. 10.1029/2021GL096767
- Effect of orographic gravity wave drag on Northern Hemisphere climate in transient simulations of the last deglaciation B. Snoll et al. 10.1007/s00382-022-06196-2
- A First Intercomparison of the Simulated LGM Carbon Results Within PMIP‐Carbon: Role of the Ocean Boundary Conditions F. Lhardy et al. 10.1029/2021PA004302
- Comparison of past and future simulations of ENSO in CMIP5/PMIP3 and CMIP6/PMIP4 models J. Brown et al. 10.5194/cp-16-1777-2020
- Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation Drives Enhanced Greenland Surface Temperature Variability During the Last Glacial Maximum Z. Song et al. 10.1029/2020GL088922
- Moisture amplification of the high-altitude deglacial warming E. Legrain et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2023.108303
- Föhn, fire and grazing in Southern Tibet? A 20,000-year multi-proxy record in an alpine ecotonal ecosystem G. Miehe et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106817
- Cosmogenic 10Be constraints on deglacial snowline rise in the Southern Alps, New Zealand L. Tielidze et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107548
- The PMIP4 Last Glacial Maximum experiments: preliminary results and comparison with the PMIP3 simulations M. Kageyama et al. 10.5194/cp-17-1065-2021
- Late Pleistocene glaciation in the Mosquito Range, Colorado, USA: chronology and climate K. Brugger et al. 10.1002/jqs.3090
- Indian Ocean variability changes in the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project C. Brierley et al. 10.5194/cp-19-681-2023
- Improving biome and climate modelling for a set of past climate conditions: evaluating bias correction using the CDF-t approach A. Zapolska et al. 10.1088/2752-5295/accbe2
- The penultimate deglaciation: protocol for Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP) phase 4 transient numerical simulations between 140 and 127 ka, version 1.0 L. Menviel et al. 10.5194/gmd-12-3649-2019
- Last Glacial Maximum ITCZ Changes From PMIP3/4 Simulations T. Wang et al. 10.1029/2022JD038103
- CMIP6/PMIP4 simulations of the mid-Holocene and Last Interglacial using HadGEM3: comparison to the pre-industrial era, previous model versions and proxy data C. Williams et al. 10.5194/cp-16-1429-2020
- Climate and ice sheet dynamics in Patagonia throughout marine isotope stages 2 and 3 A. Castillo-Llarena et al. 10.5194/cp-20-1559-2024
- A Review of the Statistical Studies on the Impact of Climate Change on Crop Yields G. Sakurai et al. 10.5023/jappstat.50.55
- Large-scale photovoltaic solar farms in the Sahara affect solar power generation potential globally J. Long et al. 10.1038/s43247-023-01117-5
- Impact of paleoclimate on present and future evolution of the Greenland Ice Sheet H. Yang et al. 10.1371/journal.pone.0259816
- Mitigation of Global Cooling by Stratospheric Chemistry Feedbacks in a Simulation of the Last Glacial Maximum S. Noda et al. 10.1029/2017JD028017
- The Earth system model CLIMBER-X v1.0 – Part 1: Climate model description and validation M. Willeit et al. 10.5194/gmd-15-5905-2022
- Coexchangeable Process Modeling for Uncertainty Quantification in Joint Climate Reconstruction L. Astfalck et al. 10.1080/01621459.2024.2325705
- Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) climate forcing and ocean dynamical feedback and their implications for estimating climate sensitivity J. Zhu & C. Poulsen 10.5194/cp-17-253-2021
- Uncertainty in Reconstructing Paleo‐Elevation of the Antarctic Ice Sheet From Temperature‐Sensitive Ice Core Records J. Badgeley et al. 10.1029/2022GL100334
- Arctic sea‐ice export as a mechanism for cold climate events during the last deglaciation H. Renssen & D. Roche 10.1002/jqs.3665
- Climatic patterns over the European Alps during the LGM derived from inversion of the paleo-ice extent V. Višnjević et al. 10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116185
- The PMIP4 contribution to CMIP6 – Part 3: The last millennium, scientific objective, and experimental design for the PMIP4 <i>past1000</i> simulations J. Jungclaus et al. 10.5194/gmd-10-4005-2017
- A Bayesian framework for emergent constraints: case studies of climate sensitivity with PMIP M. Renoult et al. 10.5194/cp-16-1715-2020
- Two AMOC States in Response to Decreasing Greenhouse Gas Concentrations in the Coupled Climate Model MPI-ESM M. Klockmann et al. 10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0859.1
- Arctic Amplification of Precipitation Changes—The Energy Hypothesis F. Pithan & T. Jung 10.1029/2021GL094977
- Global peatland area and carbon dynamics from the Last Glacial Maximum to the present – a process-based model investigation J. Müller & F. Joos 10.5194/bg-17-5285-2020
- Last Glacial Maximum pattern effects reduce climate sensitivity estimates V. Cooper et al. 10.1126/sciadv.adk9461
- Reconciling glacial Antarctic water stable isotopes with ice sheet topography and the isotopic paleothermometer M. Werner et al. 10.1038/s41467-018-05430-y
- The Mechanisms that Determine the Response of the Northern Hemisphere’s Stationary Waves to North American Ice Sheets W. Roberts et al. 10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0586.1
- Simulating glacial dust changes in the Southern Hemisphere using ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3 S. Krätschmer et al. 10.5194/cp-18-67-2022
- The contrasting effects of thermodynamic and dynamic processes on East Asian summer monsoon precipitation during the Last Glacial Maximum: a data-model comparison Y. Sun et al. 10.1007/s00382-020-05533-7
- Last Glacial Maximum climate and atmospheric circulation over the Australian region from climate models Y. Du et al. 10.5194/cp-20-393-2024
- Impact of Dust on Climate and AMOC During the Last Glacial Maximum Simulated by CESM1.2 M. Zhang et al. 10.1029/2021GL096672
- Climate reconstructions for the Last Glacial Maximum from a simple cirque glacier in Fiordland, New Zealand E. Moore et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107281
- Was there a volcanic-induced long-lasting cooling over the Northern Hemisphere in the mid-6th–7th century? E. van Dijk et al. 10.5194/cp-18-1601-2022
- Speleothem and glacier records of latest Pleistocene–early Holocene climate change in the western North American interior B. Quirk et al. 10.1002/jqs.3221
- The PMIP4 contribution to CMIP6 – Part 1: Overview and over-arching analysis plan M. Kageyama et al. 10.5194/gmd-11-1033-2018
- The geography of phylogenetic paleoecology: integrating data and methods to better understand biotic response to climate change A. Lawing 10.1017/pab.2021.14
- North American East Coast Sea Level Exhibits High Power and Spatiotemporal Complexity on Decadal Timescales C. Little et al. 10.1029/2021GL093675
- Sedimentary charcoal studies from southern Africa’s grassy biomes: a potential resource for informing the management of fires and ecosystems A. Dabengwa et al. 10.2989/10220119.2021.2016965
- Profiling interactions between the Westerlies and Asian summer monsoons since 45 ka: Insights from biomarker, isotope, and numerical modeling studies in the Qaidam Basin M. Hou et al. 10.1130/B35751.1
- The influence of atmospheric grid resolution in a climate model-forced ice sheet simulation M. Lofverstrom & J. Liakka 10.5194/tc-12-1499-2018
- Extratropical cyclones over the North Atlantic and western Europe during the Last Glacial Maximum and implications for proxy interpretation J. Pinto & P. Ludwig 10.5194/cp-16-611-2020
- Dansgaard–Oeschger events in climate models: review and baseline Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS3) protocol I. Malmierca-Vallet & L. Sime 10.5194/cp-19-915-2023
- Revisiting East Asian monsoon change during the Last Glacial Maximum using PMIP4 simulations Z. Tian 10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100467
- Implementation of the CMIP6 Forcing Data in the IPSL‐CM6A‐LR Model T. Lurton et al. 10.1029/2019MS001940
- Analysis of the surface mass balance for deglacial climate simulations M. Kapsch et al. 10.5194/tc-15-1131-2021
- Response of vegetation cover to CO2 and climate changes between Last Glacial Maximum and pre-industrial period in a dynamic global vegetation model W. Chen et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.06.003
- Reconstructing Past Global Vegetation With Random Forest Machine Learning, Sacrificing the Dynamic Response for Robust Results A. Lindgren et al. 10.1029/2020MS002200
- Glacial cooling and climate sensitivity revisited J. Tierney et al. 10.1038/s41586-020-2617-x
- Carbon isotope constraints on glacial Atlantic meridional overturning: Strength vs depth J. Muglia & A. Schmittner 10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106844
- CAS-FGOALS Datasets for the Two Interglacial Epochs of the Holocene and the Last Interglacial in PMIP4 W. Zheng et al. 10.1007/s00376-020-9290-8
- Circumpolar ocean stability on Mars 3 Gy ago F. Schmidt et al. 10.1073/pnas.2112930118
- Modeling the climate sensitivity of Patagonian glaciers and their responses to climatic change during the global last glacial maximum Q. Yan et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107582
- Role of the stratospheric chemistry–climate interactions in the hot climate conditions of the Eocene S. Szopa et al. 10.5194/cp-15-1187-2019
- A multicentennial mode of North Atlantic climate variability throughout the Last Glacial Maximum M. Prange et al. 10.1126/sciadv.adh1106
- Effect of high dust amount on surface temperature during the Last Glacial Maximum: a modelling study using MIROC-ESM R. Ohgaito et al. 10.5194/cp-14-1565-2018
- Long-term deglacial permafrost carbon dynamics in MPI-ESM T. Schneider von Deimling et al. 10.5194/cp-14-2011-2018
- East Atlantic Pattern Drives Multidecadal Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation Variability During the Last Glacial Maximum Z. Song et al. 10.1029/2019GL082960
- Climatic Effect of Antarctic Meltwater Overwhelmed by Concurrent Northern Hemispheric Melt R. Ivanovic et al. 10.1029/2018GL077623
- Water Budget of the Caspian Sea in the Last Glacial Maximum by Data of Experiments with Mathematical Models P. Morozova et al. 10.1134/S0097807821060130
- Climate on the Blanca Massif, Sangre de Cristo Mountains, Colorado, USA, during the Last Glacial Maximum K. Brugger et al. 10.3390/quat4030027
- Refinement of the environmental and chronological context of the archeological site El Harhoura 2 (Rabat, Morocco) using paleoclimatic simulations L. Terray et al. 10.5194/cp-19-1245-2023
- The Role of Wet Processes in Extratropical Thermal Stratification During the Glacial Period Z. Xie et al. 10.1029/2023GL106400
- GREB-ISM v1.0: A coupled ice sheet model for the Globally Resolved Energy Balance model for global simulations on timescales of 100 kyr Z. Xie et al. 10.5194/gmd-15-3691-2022
- Glacial AMOC shoaling despite vigorous tidal dissipation: vertical stratification matters Y. Chen et al. 10.5194/cp-20-2001-2024
- A mechanistic understanding of oxygen isotopic changes in the Western United States at the Last Glacial Maximum C. Tabor et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107255
- The role of ice-sheet topography in the Alpine hydro-climate at glacial times P. Velasquez et al. 10.5194/cp-18-1579-2022
- Surface mass balance and climate of the Last Glacial Maximum Northern Hemisphere ice sheets: simulations with CESM2.1 S. Bradley et al. 10.5194/cp-20-211-2024
- Components and Mechanisms of Hydrologic Cycle Changes over North America at the Last Glacial Maximum J. Lora 10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0544.1
- Hydrometeorological Conditions of the Volga Flow Generation into the Caspian Sea during the Last Glacial Maximum A. Kalugin & P. Morozova 10.3390/cli11020036
- Mechanisms Associated With Tropospheric Dry Static Stability Change During the Last Glacial Maximum Z. Xie et al. 10.1029/2023JD038900
- Strong temperature gradients in the ice age North Atlantic Ocean revealed by plankton biogeography L. Jonkers et al. 10.1038/s41561-023-01328-7
- Enhanced Interannual Variability in Temperature during the Last Glacial Maximum J. Shi et al. 10.1175/JCLI-D-21-0739.1
- Contrasting the Penultimate Glacial Maximum and the Last Glacial Maximum (140 and 21 ka) using coupled climate–ice sheet modelling V. Patterson et al. 10.5194/cp-20-2191-2024
- A new perspective on permafrost boundaries in France during the Last Glacial Maximum K. Stadelmaier et al. 10.5194/cp-17-2559-2021
- Evaluating model outputs using integrated global speleothem records of climate change since the last glacial L. Comas-Bru et al. 10.5194/cp-15-1557-2019
- High-resolution LGM climate of Europe and the Alpine region using the regional climate model WRF E. Russo et al. 10.5194/cp-20-449-2024
- Antarctic surface temperature and elevation during the Last Glacial Maximum C. Buizert et al. 10.1126/science.abd2897
- Deep ocean temperatures through time P. Valdes et al. 10.5194/cp-17-1483-2021
- De‐Tuning Albedo Parameters in a Coupled Climate Ice Sheet Model to Simulate the North American Ice Sheet at the Last Glacial Maximum N. Gandy et al. 10.1029/2023JF007250
- Past foraminiferal acclimatization capacity is limited during future warming R. Ying et al. 10.1038/s41586-024-08029-0
- Back to the Future: Using Long-Term Observational and Paleo-Proxy Reconstructions to Improve Model Projections of Antarctic Climate T. Bracegirdle et al. 10.3390/geosciences9060255
- Impact of Southern Ocean surface conditions on deep ocean circulation during the LGM: a model analysis F. Lhardy et al. 10.5194/cp-17-1139-2021
- The PMIP4 contribution to CMIP6 – Part 2: Two interglacials, scientific objective and experimental design for Holocene and Last Interglacial simulations B. Otto-Bliesner et al. 10.5194/gmd-10-3979-2017
- Resolution of the atmospheric model matters for the Northern Hemisphere Mid-Holocene climate G. Lohmann et al. 10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2021.101206
- Globally resolved surface temperatures since the Last Glacial Maximum M. Osman et al. 10.1038/s41586-021-03984-4
- Legacies of millennial-scale climate oscillations in contemporary biodiversity in eastern North America D. Fastovich et al. 10.1098/rstb.2023.0012
- North Atlantic meltwater during Heinrich Stadial 1 drives wetter climate with more atmospheric rivers in western North America J. Oster et al. 10.1126/sciadv.adj2225
- A review of past changes in extratropical cyclones in the northern hemisphere and what can be learned for the future C. Raible et al. 10.1002/wcc.680
- Using data and models to infer climate and environmental changes during the Little Ice Age in tropical West Africa A. Lézine et al. 10.5194/cp-19-277-2023
- Large-ensemble simulations of the North American and Greenland ice sheets at the Last Glacial Maximum with a coupled atmospheric general circulation–ice sheet model S. Sherriff-Tadano et al. 10.5194/cp-20-1489-2024
- Paleodust Insights into Dust Impacts on Climate S. Albani & N. Mahowald 10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0742.1
- The CUISINES Framework for Conducting Exoplanet Model Intercomparison Projects, Version 1.0 L. Sohl et al. 10.3847/PSJ/ad5830
- Brazilian biomes distribution: Past and future J. Maksic et al. 10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110717
- Unraveling Glacial Hydroclimate in the Indo‐Pacific Warm Pool: Perspectives From Water Isotopes G. Windler et al. 10.1029/2020PA003985
- Impact of mid-glacial ice sheets on deep ocean circulation and global climate S. Sherriff-Tadano et al. 10.5194/cp-17-95-2021
- Effect of Hudson Bay closure on global and regional climate under different astronomical configurations Z. Wu et al. 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2023.104040
- Ice sheet influence on atmospheric circulation explains the patterns of Pleistocene alpine glacier records in North America J. Tulenko et al. 10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116115
- Constraining Clouds and Convective Parameterizations in a Climate Model Using Paleoclimate Data R. Ramos et al. 10.1029/2021MS002893
- Evaluating the biological pump efficiency of the Last Glacial Maximum ocean using <i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C A. Morée et al. 10.5194/cp-17-753-2021
- Critical evaluation of climate syntheses to benchmark CMIP6/PMIP4 127 ka Last Interglacial simulations in the high-latitude regions E. Capron et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.04.019
140 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Assessment of Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity of the Community Earth System Model Version 2 Through Simulation of the Last Glacial Maximum J. Zhu et al. 10.1029/2020GL091220
- Unraveling the complexities of the Last Glacial Maximum climate: the role of individual boundary conditions and forcings X. Shi et al. 10.5194/cp-19-2157-2023
- A Modeling Perspective on the Lingering Glacial Sea Surface Temperature Conundrum S. Krätschmer et al. 10.1029/2022GL100378
- A model-based comparison of paleo-physical processes in the Bay of Bengal M. Khan et al. 10.1007/s40808-024-02165-2
- Enabling possibilities to quantify past climate from fossil assemblages at a global scale M. Chevalier 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.01.016
- Impacts of the PMIP4 ice sheets on Northern Hemisphere climate during the last glacial period K. Izumi et al. 10.1007/s00382-022-06456-1
- Large Ensemble Particle Filter for Spatial Climate Reconstructions Using a Linear Inverse Model B. Jebri & M. Khodri 10.1029/2022MS003094
- Dynamic and thermodynamic influences on precipitation in Northeast Mexico on orbital to millennial timescales K. Wright et al. 10.1038/s41467-023-37700-9
- A global climatology of the ocean surface during the Last Glacial Maximum mapped on a regular grid (GLOMAP) A. Paul et al. 10.5194/cp-17-805-2021
- Arctic warming induced by the Laurentide Ice Sheet topography J. Liakka & M. Lofverstrom 10.5194/cp-14-887-2018
- Quantitative climatic reconstruction of the Last Glacial Maximum in China H. Wu et al. 10.1007/s11430-018-9338-3
- Deep water [CO32−] and circulation in the south China sea over the last glacial cycle S. Wan et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106499
- Aerosol-Climate Interactions During the Last Glacial Maximum S. Albani et al. 10.1007/s40641-018-0100-7
- Hypersensitivity of glacial summer temperatures in Siberia P. Bakker et al. 10.5194/cp-16-371-2020
- Causes of the weak emergent constraint on climate sensitivity at the Last Glacial Maximum M. Renoult et al. 10.5194/cp-19-323-2023
- Glacial Ice Sheet Extent Effects on Modeled Tidal Mixing and the Global Overturning Circulation S. Wilmes et al. 10.1029/2019PA003644
- Impacts of Large‐Scale Sahara Solar Farms on Global Climate and Vegetation Cover Z. Lu et al. 10.1029/2020GL090789
- Evaluating seasonal sea-ice cover over the Southern Ocean at the Last Glacial Maximum R. Green et al. 10.5194/cp-18-845-2022
- A Last Glacial Maximum forcing dataset for ocean modelling A. Morée & J. Schwinger 10.5194/essd-12-2971-2020
- The role of land cover in the climate of glacial Europe P. Velasquez et al. 10.5194/cp-17-1161-2021
- Millennial‐Scale Climate Oscillations Triggered by Deglacial Meltwater Discharge in Last Glacial Maximum Simulations Y. Romé et al. 10.1029/2022PA004451
- A salty deep ocean as a prerequisite for glacial termination G. Knorr et al. 10.1038/s41561-021-00857-3
- Clumped‐Isotope Constraint on Upper‐Tropospheric Cooling During the Last Glacial Maximum A. Banerjee et al. 10.1029/2022AV000688
- SaLEM (v1.0) – the Soil and Landscape Evolution Model (SaLEM) for simulation of regolith depth in periglacial environments M. Bock et al. 10.5194/gmd-11-1641-2018
- Atmospheric River Contributions to Ice Sheet Hydroclimate at the Last Glacial Maximum C. Skinner et al. 10.1029/2022GL101750
- Modeled variations of tropical cyclone genesis potential during Marine Isotope Stage 3 D. Huan et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2024.108503
- Glacial state of the global carbon cycle: time-slice simulations for the last glacial maximum with an Earth-system model T. Kurahashi-Nakamura et al. 10.5194/cp-18-1997-2022
- The Greenland spatial fingerprint of Dansgaard–Oeschger events in observations and models C. Buizert et al. 10.1073/pnas.2402637121
- Abrupt Climate and Weather Changes Across Time Scales G. Lohmann et al. 10.1029/2019PA003782
- Attribution of the Last Glacial Maximum climate formation J. Cao et al. 10.1007/s00382-019-04711-6
- Detection and explanation of spatiotemporal patterns in Late Cenozoic palaeoclimate change relevant to Earth surface processes S. Mutz & T. Ehlers 10.5194/esurf-7-663-2019
- Paleoclimate data provide constraints on climate models' large-scale response to past CO2 changes D. Lunt et al. 10.1038/s43247-024-01531-3
- PMIP4 experiments using MIROC-ES2L Earth system model R. Ohgaito et al. 10.5194/gmd-14-1195-2021
- Level Variations in the Caspian Sea under Different Climate Conditions by the Data of Simulation under CMIP6 Project A. Kislov & P. Morozova 10.1134/S0097807821060099
- Ocean Response in Transient Simulations of the Last Deglaciation Dominated by Underlying Ice‐Sheet Reconstruction and Method of Meltwater Distribution M. Kapsch et al. 10.1029/2021GL096767
- Effect of orographic gravity wave drag on Northern Hemisphere climate in transient simulations of the last deglaciation B. Snoll et al. 10.1007/s00382-022-06196-2
- A First Intercomparison of the Simulated LGM Carbon Results Within PMIP‐Carbon: Role of the Ocean Boundary Conditions F. Lhardy et al. 10.1029/2021PA004302
- Comparison of past and future simulations of ENSO in CMIP5/PMIP3 and CMIP6/PMIP4 models J. Brown et al. 10.5194/cp-16-1777-2020
- Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation Drives Enhanced Greenland Surface Temperature Variability During the Last Glacial Maximum Z. Song et al. 10.1029/2020GL088922
- Moisture amplification of the high-altitude deglacial warming E. Legrain et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2023.108303
- Föhn, fire and grazing in Southern Tibet? A 20,000-year multi-proxy record in an alpine ecotonal ecosystem G. Miehe et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106817
- Cosmogenic 10Be constraints on deglacial snowline rise in the Southern Alps, New Zealand L. Tielidze et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107548
- The PMIP4 Last Glacial Maximum experiments: preliminary results and comparison with the PMIP3 simulations M. Kageyama et al. 10.5194/cp-17-1065-2021
- Late Pleistocene glaciation in the Mosquito Range, Colorado, USA: chronology and climate K. Brugger et al. 10.1002/jqs.3090
- Indian Ocean variability changes in the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project C. Brierley et al. 10.5194/cp-19-681-2023
- Improving biome and climate modelling for a set of past climate conditions: evaluating bias correction using the CDF-t approach A. Zapolska et al. 10.1088/2752-5295/accbe2
- The penultimate deglaciation: protocol for Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP) phase 4 transient numerical simulations between 140 and 127 ka, version 1.0 L. Menviel et al. 10.5194/gmd-12-3649-2019
- Last Glacial Maximum ITCZ Changes From PMIP3/4 Simulations T. Wang et al. 10.1029/2022JD038103
- CMIP6/PMIP4 simulations of the mid-Holocene and Last Interglacial using HadGEM3: comparison to the pre-industrial era, previous model versions and proxy data C. Williams et al. 10.5194/cp-16-1429-2020
- Climate and ice sheet dynamics in Patagonia throughout marine isotope stages 2 and 3 A. Castillo-Llarena et al. 10.5194/cp-20-1559-2024
- A Review of the Statistical Studies on the Impact of Climate Change on Crop Yields G. Sakurai et al. 10.5023/jappstat.50.55
- Large-scale photovoltaic solar farms in the Sahara affect solar power generation potential globally J. Long et al. 10.1038/s43247-023-01117-5
- Impact of paleoclimate on present and future evolution of the Greenland Ice Sheet H. Yang et al. 10.1371/journal.pone.0259816
- Mitigation of Global Cooling by Stratospheric Chemistry Feedbacks in a Simulation of the Last Glacial Maximum S. Noda et al. 10.1029/2017JD028017
- The Earth system model CLIMBER-X v1.0 – Part 1: Climate model description and validation M. Willeit et al. 10.5194/gmd-15-5905-2022
- Coexchangeable Process Modeling for Uncertainty Quantification in Joint Climate Reconstruction L. Astfalck et al. 10.1080/01621459.2024.2325705
- Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) climate forcing and ocean dynamical feedback and their implications for estimating climate sensitivity J. Zhu & C. Poulsen 10.5194/cp-17-253-2021
- Uncertainty in Reconstructing Paleo‐Elevation of the Antarctic Ice Sheet From Temperature‐Sensitive Ice Core Records J. Badgeley et al. 10.1029/2022GL100334
- Arctic sea‐ice export as a mechanism for cold climate events during the last deglaciation H. Renssen & D. Roche 10.1002/jqs.3665
- Climatic patterns over the European Alps during the LGM derived from inversion of the paleo-ice extent V. Višnjević et al. 10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116185
- The PMIP4 contribution to CMIP6 – Part 3: The last millennium, scientific objective, and experimental design for the PMIP4 <i>past1000</i> simulations J. Jungclaus et al. 10.5194/gmd-10-4005-2017
- A Bayesian framework for emergent constraints: case studies of climate sensitivity with PMIP M. Renoult et al. 10.5194/cp-16-1715-2020
- Two AMOC States in Response to Decreasing Greenhouse Gas Concentrations in the Coupled Climate Model MPI-ESM M. Klockmann et al. 10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0859.1
- Arctic Amplification of Precipitation Changes—The Energy Hypothesis F. Pithan & T. Jung 10.1029/2021GL094977
- Global peatland area and carbon dynamics from the Last Glacial Maximum to the present – a process-based model investigation J. Müller & F. Joos 10.5194/bg-17-5285-2020
- Last Glacial Maximum pattern effects reduce climate sensitivity estimates V. Cooper et al. 10.1126/sciadv.adk9461
- Reconciling glacial Antarctic water stable isotopes with ice sheet topography and the isotopic paleothermometer M. Werner et al. 10.1038/s41467-018-05430-y
- The Mechanisms that Determine the Response of the Northern Hemisphere’s Stationary Waves to North American Ice Sheets W. Roberts et al. 10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0586.1
- Simulating glacial dust changes in the Southern Hemisphere using ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3 S. Krätschmer et al. 10.5194/cp-18-67-2022
- The contrasting effects of thermodynamic and dynamic processes on East Asian summer monsoon precipitation during the Last Glacial Maximum: a data-model comparison Y. Sun et al. 10.1007/s00382-020-05533-7
- Last Glacial Maximum climate and atmospheric circulation over the Australian region from climate models Y. Du et al. 10.5194/cp-20-393-2024
- Impact of Dust on Climate and AMOC During the Last Glacial Maximum Simulated by CESM1.2 M. Zhang et al. 10.1029/2021GL096672
- Climate reconstructions for the Last Glacial Maximum from a simple cirque glacier in Fiordland, New Zealand E. Moore et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107281
- Was there a volcanic-induced long-lasting cooling over the Northern Hemisphere in the mid-6th–7th century? E. van Dijk et al. 10.5194/cp-18-1601-2022
- Speleothem and glacier records of latest Pleistocene–early Holocene climate change in the western North American interior B. Quirk et al. 10.1002/jqs.3221
- The PMIP4 contribution to CMIP6 – Part 1: Overview and over-arching analysis plan M. Kageyama et al. 10.5194/gmd-11-1033-2018
- The geography of phylogenetic paleoecology: integrating data and methods to better understand biotic response to climate change A. Lawing 10.1017/pab.2021.14
- North American East Coast Sea Level Exhibits High Power and Spatiotemporal Complexity on Decadal Timescales C. Little et al. 10.1029/2021GL093675
- Sedimentary charcoal studies from southern Africa’s grassy biomes: a potential resource for informing the management of fires and ecosystems A. Dabengwa et al. 10.2989/10220119.2021.2016965
- Profiling interactions between the Westerlies and Asian summer monsoons since 45 ka: Insights from biomarker, isotope, and numerical modeling studies in the Qaidam Basin M. Hou et al. 10.1130/B35751.1
- The influence of atmospheric grid resolution in a climate model-forced ice sheet simulation M. Lofverstrom & J. Liakka 10.5194/tc-12-1499-2018
- Extratropical cyclones over the North Atlantic and western Europe during the Last Glacial Maximum and implications for proxy interpretation J. Pinto & P. Ludwig 10.5194/cp-16-611-2020
- Dansgaard–Oeschger events in climate models: review and baseline Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS3) protocol I. Malmierca-Vallet & L. Sime 10.5194/cp-19-915-2023
- Revisiting East Asian monsoon change during the Last Glacial Maximum using PMIP4 simulations Z. Tian 10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100467
- Implementation of the CMIP6 Forcing Data in the IPSL‐CM6A‐LR Model T. Lurton et al. 10.1029/2019MS001940
- Analysis of the surface mass balance for deglacial climate simulations M. Kapsch et al. 10.5194/tc-15-1131-2021
- Response of vegetation cover to CO2 and climate changes between Last Glacial Maximum and pre-industrial period in a dynamic global vegetation model W. Chen et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.06.003
- Reconstructing Past Global Vegetation With Random Forest Machine Learning, Sacrificing the Dynamic Response for Robust Results A. Lindgren et al. 10.1029/2020MS002200
- Glacial cooling and climate sensitivity revisited J. Tierney et al. 10.1038/s41586-020-2617-x
- Carbon isotope constraints on glacial Atlantic meridional overturning: Strength vs depth J. Muglia & A. Schmittner 10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106844
- CAS-FGOALS Datasets for the Two Interglacial Epochs of the Holocene and the Last Interglacial in PMIP4 W. Zheng et al. 10.1007/s00376-020-9290-8
- Circumpolar ocean stability on Mars 3 Gy ago F. Schmidt et al. 10.1073/pnas.2112930118
- Modeling the climate sensitivity of Patagonian glaciers and their responses to climatic change during the global last glacial maximum Q. Yan et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107582
- Role of the stratospheric chemistry–climate interactions in the hot climate conditions of the Eocene S. Szopa et al. 10.5194/cp-15-1187-2019
- A multicentennial mode of North Atlantic climate variability throughout the Last Glacial Maximum M. Prange et al. 10.1126/sciadv.adh1106
- Effect of high dust amount on surface temperature during the Last Glacial Maximum: a modelling study using MIROC-ESM R. Ohgaito et al. 10.5194/cp-14-1565-2018
- Long-term deglacial permafrost carbon dynamics in MPI-ESM T. Schneider von Deimling et al. 10.5194/cp-14-2011-2018
- East Atlantic Pattern Drives Multidecadal Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation Variability During the Last Glacial Maximum Z. Song et al. 10.1029/2019GL082960
- Climatic Effect of Antarctic Meltwater Overwhelmed by Concurrent Northern Hemispheric Melt R. Ivanovic et al. 10.1029/2018GL077623
- Water Budget of the Caspian Sea in the Last Glacial Maximum by Data of Experiments with Mathematical Models P. Morozova et al. 10.1134/S0097807821060130
- Climate on the Blanca Massif, Sangre de Cristo Mountains, Colorado, USA, during the Last Glacial Maximum K. Brugger et al. 10.3390/quat4030027
- Refinement of the environmental and chronological context of the archeological site El Harhoura 2 (Rabat, Morocco) using paleoclimatic simulations L. Terray et al. 10.5194/cp-19-1245-2023
- The Role of Wet Processes in Extratropical Thermal Stratification During the Glacial Period Z. Xie et al. 10.1029/2023GL106400
- GREB-ISM v1.0: A coupled ice sheet model for the Globally Resolved Energy Balance model for global simulations on timescales of 100 kyr Z. Xie et al. 10.5194/gmd-15-3691-2022
- Glacial AMOC shoaling despite vigorous tidal dissipation: vertical stratification matters Y. Chen et al. 10.5194/cp-20-2001-2024
- A mechanistic understanding of oxygen isotopic changes in the Western United States at the Last Glacial Maximum C. Tabor et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107255
- The role of ice-sheet topography in the Alpine hydro-climate at glacial times P. Velasquez et al. 10.5194/cp-18-1579-2022
- Surface mass balance and climate of the Last Glacial Maximum Northern Hemisphere ice sheets: simulations with CESM2.1 S. Bradley et al. 10.5194/cp-20-211-2024
- Components and Mechanisms of Hydrologic Cycle Changes over North America at the Last Glacial Maximum J. Lora 10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0544.1
- Hydrometeorological Conditions of the Volga Flow Generation into the Caspian Sea during the Last Glacial Maximum A. Kalugin & P. Morozova 10.3390/cli11020036
- Mechanisms Associated With Tropospheric Dry Static Stability Change During the Last Glacial Maximum Z. Xie et al. 10.1029/2023JD038900
- Strong temperature gradients in the ice age North Atlantic Ocean revealed by plankton biogeography L. Jonkers et al. 10.1038/s41561-023-01328-7
- Enhanced Interannual Variability in Temperature during the Last Glacial Maximum J. Shi et al. 10.1175/JCLI-D-21-0739.1
- Contrasting the Penultimate Glacial Maximum and the Last Glacial Maximum (140 and 21 ka) using coupled climate–ice sheet modelling V. Patterson et al. 10.5194/cp-20-2191-2024
- A new perspective on permafrost boundaries in France during the Last Glacial Maximum K. Stadelmaier et al. 10.5194/cp-17-2559-2021
- Evaluating model outputs using integrated global speleothem records of climate change since the last glacial L. Comas-Bru et al. 10.5194/cp-15-1557-2019
- High-resolution LGM climate of Europe and the Alpine region using the regional climate model WRF E. Russo et al. 10.5194/cp-20-449-2024
- Antarctic surface temperature and elevation during the Last Glacial Maximum C. Buizert et al. 10.1126/science.abd2897
- Deep ocean temperatures through time P. Valdes et al. 10.5194/cp-17-1483-2021
- De‐Tuning Albedo Parameters in a Coupled Climate Ice Sheet Model to Simulate the North American Ice Sheet at the Last Glacial Maximum N. Gandy et al. 10.1029/2023JF007250
- Past foraminiferal acclimatization capacity is limited during future warming R. Ying et al. 10.1038/s41586-024-08029-0
- Back to the Future: Using Long-Term Observational and Paleo-Proxy Reconstructions to Improve Model Projections of Antarctic Climate T. Bracegirdle et al. 10.3390/geosciences9060255
- Impact of Southern Ocean surface conditions on deep ocean circulation during the LGM: a model analysis F. Lhardy et al. 10.5194/cp-17-1139-2021
- The PMIP4 contribution to CMIP6 – Part 2: Two interglacials, scientific objective and experimental design for Holocene and Last Interglacial simulations B. Otto-Bliesner et al. 10.5194/gmd-10-3979-2017
- Resolution of the atmospheric model matters for the Northern Hemisphere Mid-Holocene climate G. Lohmann et al. 10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2021.101206
- Globally resolved surface temperatures since the Last Glacial Maximum M. Osman et al. 10.1038/s41586-021-03984-4
- Legacies of millennial-scale climate oscillations in contemporary biodiversity in eastern North America D. Fastovich et al. 10.1098/rstb.2023.0012
- North Atlantic meltwater during Heinrich Stadial 1 drives wetter climate with more atmospheric rivers in western North America J. Oster et al. 10.1126/sciadv.adj2225
- A review of past changes in extratropical cyclones in the northern hemisphere and what can be learned for the future C. Raible et al. 10.1002/wcc.680
- Using data and models to infer climate and environmental changes during the Little Ice Age in tropical West Africa A. Lézine et al. 10.5194/cp-19-277-2023
- Large-ensemble simulations of the North American and Greenland ice sheets at the Last Glacial Maximum with a coupled atmospheric general circulation–ice sheet model S. Sherriff-Tadano et al. 10.5194/cp-20-1489-2024
- Paleodust Insights into Dust Impacts on Climate S. Albani & N. Mahowald 10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0742.1
- The CUISINES Framework for Conducting Exoplanet Model Intercomparison Projects, Version 1.0 L. Sohl et al. 10.3847/PSJ/ad5830
- Brazilian biomes distribution: Past and future J. Maksic et al. 10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110717
- Unraveling Glacial Hydroclimate in the Indo‐Pacific Warm Pool: Perspectives From Water Isotopes G. Windler et al. 10.1029/2020PA003985
- Impact of mid-glacial ice sheets on deep ocean circulation and global climate S. Sherriff-Tadano et al. 10.5194/cp-17-95-2021
- Effect of Hudson Bay closure on global and regional climate under different astronomical configurations Z. Wu et al. 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2023.104040
- Ice sheet influence on atmospheric circulation explains the patterns of Pleistocene alpine glacier records in North America J. Tulenko et al. 10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116115
- Constraining Clouds and Convective Parameterizations in a Climate Model Using Paleoclimate Data R. Ramos et al. 10.1029/2021MS002893
- Evaluating the biological pump efficiency of the Last Glacial Maximum ocean using <i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C A. Morée et al. 10.5194/cp-17-753-2021
Latest update: 14 Dec 2024
Download
- Article
(6255 KB) - Full-text XML
Short summary
The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 21000 years ago) is an interval when global ice volume was at a maximum, eustatic sea level close to a minimum, greenhouse gas concentrations were lower, atmospheric aerosol loadings were higher than today, and vegetation and land-surface characteristics were different from today. This paper describes the implementation of the LGM numerical experiment for the PMIP4-CMIP6 modelling intercomparison projects and the associated sensitivity experiments.
The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 21000 years ago) is an interval when global ice volume was at a...