Historical (1750–2014) anthropogenic emissions of reactive gases and aerosols from the Community Emissions Data System (CEDS)
Rachel M. Hoesly1,Steven J. Smith1,2,Leyang Feng1,Zbigniew Klimont3,Greet Janssens-Maenhout4,Tyler Pitkanen1,Jonathan J. Seibert1,Linh Vu1,Robert J. Andres5,Ryan M. Bolt1,Tami C. Bond6,Laura Dawidowski7,Nazar Kholod1,June-ichi Kurokawa8,Meng Li9,Liang Liu6,Zifeng Lu10,Maria Cecilia P. Moura1,Patrick R. O'Rourke1,and Qiang Zhang9Rachel M. Hoesly et al. Rachel M. Hoesly1,Steven J. Smith1,2,Leyang Feng1,Zbigniew Klimont3,Greet Janssens-Maenhout4,Tyler Pitkanen1,Jonathan J. Seibert1,Linh Vu1,Robert J. Andres5,Ryan M. Bolt1,Tami C. Bond6,Laura Dawidowski7,Nazar Kholod1,June-ichi Kurokawa8,Meng Li9,Liang Liu6,Zifeng Lu10,Maria Cecilia P. Moura1,Patrick R. O'Rourke1,and Qiang Zhang9
1Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest
National Lab, College Park, MD, USA
2Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of
Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
3International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis,
Laxenburg, Austria
4European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Directorate
Energy, Transport & Climate, Via Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra,
Italy
5Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
6Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois
at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
7Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Buenos
Aires, Argentina
8Japan Environmental Sanitation Center, Asia Center for Air Pollution Research, Atmospheric Research Department, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
9Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University,
Beijing, China
10Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory,
Argonne, IL, USA
1Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest
National Lab, College Park, MD, USA
2Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of
Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
3International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis,
Laxenburg, Austria
4European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Directorate
Energy, Transport & Climate, Via Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra,
Italy
5Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
6Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois
at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
7Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Buenos
Aires, Argentina
8Japan Environmental Sanitation Center, Asia Center for Air Pollution Research, Atmospheric Research Department, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
9Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University,
Beijing, China
10Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory,
Argonne, IL, USA
Correspondence: Rachel M. Hoesly (rachel.hoesly@pnnl.gov) and
Steven J. Smith (ssmith@pnnl.gov)
Received: 20 Feb 2017 – Discussion started: 21 Mar 2017 – Revised: 27 Sep 2017 – Accepted: 10 Nov 2017 – Published: 29 Jan 2018
Abstract. We present a new data set of annual historical (1750–2014) anthropogenic chemically reactive gases (CO, CH4, NH3, NOx, SO2, NMVOCs), carbonaceous aerosols (black carbon – BC, and organic carbon – OC), and CO2 developed with the Community Emissions Data System (CEDS). We improve upon existing inventories with a more consistent and reproducible methodology applied to all emission species, updated emission factors, and recent estimates through 2014. The data system relies on existing energy consumption data sets and regional and country-specific inventories to produce trends over recent decades. All emission species are consistently estimated using the same activity data over all time periods. Emissions are provided on an annual basis at the level of country and sector and gridded with monthly seasonality. These estimates are comparable to, but generally slightly higher than, existing global inventories. Emissions over the most recent years are more uncertain, particularly in low- and middle-income regions where country-specific emission inventories are less available. Future work will involve refining and updating these emission estimates, estimating emissions' uncertainty, and publication of the system as open-source software.
Historical emission trends are key inputs to Earth systems and atmospheric chemistry models. We present a new data set of historical (1750–2014) anthropogenic gases (CO, CH4, NH3, NOx, SO2, NMVOCs, BC, OC, and CO2) developed with the Community Emissions Data System (CEDS). This improves on existing inventories as it uses consistent methods and data across emissions species, has annual resolution for a longer and more recent time series, and is designed to be transparent and reproducible.
Historical emission trends are key inputs to Earth systems and atmospheric chemistry models. We...
