the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Decision-making strategies implemented in SolFinder 1.0 to identify eco-efficient aircraft trajectories: application study in AirTraf 3.0
Feijia Yin
Volker Grewe
Hiroshi Yamashita
Sigrun Matthes
Simone Dietmüller
Sabine Baumann
Manuel Soler
Abolfazl Simorgh
Maximilian Mendiguchia Meuser
Florian Linke
Benjamin Lührs
Abstract. The optimization of aircraft trajectories involves balancing operating costs and climate impact, which are often conflicting objectives. To achieve compromise optimal solutions, higher-level information such as preferences of decision-makers must be taken into account. This paper introduces the SolFinder 1.0 module, a decision-making tool designed to identify eco-efficient aircraft trajectories, which allow to reduce the flights climate impact with limited cost penalties compared to cost-optimal solutions. SolFinder 1.0 offers flexible decision-making options that allow users to select trade-offs between different objective functions, including fuel use, flight time, NOx emissions, contrail distance, and climate impact. The module is included in the AirTraf 3.0 submodel, which optimizes trajectories under atmospheric conditions simulated by the ECHAM/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry model. This paper focuses on the ability of the module to identify eco-efficient trajectories while solving a bi-objective optimization problem that minimizes climate impact and operating costs. SolFinder 1.0 enables users to explore trajectory properties at varying locations of the Pareto fronts without prior knowledge of the problem results and to identify solutions that limit the cost of reducing the climate impact of a single flight.
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Federica Castino et al.
Status: open (extended)
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RC1: 'Comment on gmd-2023-88', Anonymous Referee #1, 21 Jul 2023
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The paper is relevant to the area of aircraft routing and addresses the choice between multiple optimal routes dependent on a range of objectives. As such this is not a major change to routing strategies, but rather a next step in an evolving process. This means that the novelty of the approach lies in applying an established algorithm to a new setting. The advance this affords allows the previously defined AirTraf model to be used in a different and more integrated way. The method described is mostly clear, but some of the assumptions supporting the use of AirTraf in contrail avoidance are not properly justified, given research results previously published on the nature of super saturated icy regions. This is further explored in the more detailed file that is attached below.
Results are somewhat limited by the use of a single month, which when looking at climatic conditions provides a narrower range of possible variable value combinations than is most useful. However, conclusions across this reduced timeframe given the other model assumptions are supported by the research that has been completed. Given the reliance of the results on a combination of different models and the limited explanation in this paper of the climate inputs and methods for fuel use calculation, it would be difficult to reproduce results from this work alone, but taken alongside previous research and given the limited access to models available, replication of some of the results could be possible.
The work is properly referenced and the need for the model is justified, with the paper title including all necessary detail. The abstract is concise and reflects the paper content, but could be better worded (see attached comments). The main structure of the paper is good, but there are occasions where order within sections would be improved by small changes. The language and grammar of the paper need minor corrections, which have been noted in the attached comments. Clear definitions of formulae, symbols and abbreviations are, however, all present in the paper.
Federica Castino et al.
Federica Castino et al.
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