Preprints
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-41
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-41
Submitted as: model evaluation paper
 | 
21 Mar 2023
Submitted as: model evaluation paper |  | 21 Mar 2023
Status: this preprint is currently under review for the journal GMD.

ENSO statistics, teleconnections, and atmosphere-ocean coupling in the Taiwan Earth System Model version 1

Yi-Chi Wang, Wan-Ling Tseng, Yu-Luen Chen, Shi-Yu Lee, Huang-Hsiung Hsu, and Hsin-Chien Liang

Abstract. This study provides an overview of the fundamental statistics and features of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the historical simulations of the Taiwan Earth System Model version 1 (TaiESM1). Compared with observations, TaiESM1 can reproduce the fundamental features of observed ENSO signals, including seasonal phasing, thermocline coupling with winds, and atmospheric teleconnection during El Niño events. However, its ENSO response is approximately two times stronger than the observance in the spectrum, resulting in powerful teleconnection signals. The composite of El Niño events shows a strong westerly anomaly extending fast to the east Pacific in the initial stage in March, April, and May, initiating a warm sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) there. This warm SSTA maintains through September, October, and November (SON) and gradually diminishes after peaking in December. Analysis of wind stress-SST and heat flux-SST coupling proposes that biased positive SST-shortwave feedback contributes significantly to the strong warm anomaly over the eastern Pacific, especially in SON. Our analysis demonstrates TaiESM1’s capability of simulating ENSO—a significant tropical climate variation on interannual scales with strong global impacts and provides insights into mechanisms in TaiESM1 related to ENSO biases, laying the foundation for future model development to reduce uncertainties in TaiESM1 and climate models in general.

Yi-Chi Wang et al.

Status: final response (author comments only)

Comment types: AC – author | RC – referee | CC – community | EC – editor | CEC – chief editor | : Report abuse
  • RC1: 'Comment on gmd-2023-41', Anonymous Referee #1, 10 Apr 2023
  • RC2: 'Comment on gmd-2023-41', Anonymous Referee #2, 05 May 2023

Yi-Chi Wang et al.

Data sets

CMIP6.CMIP.AS-RCEC.TaiESM1.historical Wei-Liang Lee, Hsin-Chien Liang https://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.9755

Model code and software

post-processing code for "ENSO statistics, teleconnections, and atmosphere-ocean coupling in the Taiwan Earth System Model version 1"" Yu-Luen Chen https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7740033

Taiwan Earth System Model v1.0.0 Wei-Liang Lee et al. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3626654

Yi-Chi Wang et al.

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Short summary
This study examines how well the Taiwan Earth System Model version 1 (TaiESM1) simulates the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), which is an important tropical climate pattern that affects climate around the world. We found TaiESM1 can replicate the key features of ENSO, including its seasonal changes and how it affects the remote regions, but has a much stronger ENSO than observations. This bias is further examined to provide insights into how to improve ENSO in future climate models.