!WRF:MEDIATION_LAYER:SOLVER

#define BENCH_START(A)
#define BENCH_END(A)

MODULE module_first_rk_step_part1

CONTAINS

  SUBROUTINE first_rk_step_part1 (   grid , config_flags              &
                             , moist , moist_tend               &
                             , chem  , chem_tend                &
                             , tracer, tracer_tend              &
                             , scalar , scalar_tend             &
                             , fdda3d, fdda2d                   &
                             , aerod                            &
                             , ru_tendf, rv_tendf               &
                             , rw_tendf, t_tendf                &
                             , ph_tendf, mu_tendf               &
                             , tke_tend                         &
                             , adapt_step_flag , curr_secs      &
                             , psim , psih , wspd , gz1oz0 , chklowq &
                             , cu_act_flag , hol , th_phy       &
                             , pi_phy , p_phy , t_phy           &
                             , dz8w , p8w , t8w                 &
                             , ids, ide, jds, jde, kds, kde     &
                             , ims, ime, jms, jme, kms, kme     &
                             , ips, ipe, jps, jpe, kps, kpe     &
                             , imsx,imex,jmsx,jmex,kmsx,kmex    &
                             , ipsx,ipex,jpsx,jpex,kpsx,kpex    &
                             , imsy,imey,jmsy,jmey,kmsy,kmey    &
                             , ipsy,ipey,jpsy,jpey,kpsy,kpey    &
                             , k_start , k_end                  &
                             , f_flux                           &
                            )
    USE module_state_description
    USE module_model_constants
    USE module_domain, ONLY : domain, domain_clock_get, get_ijk_from_subgrid
    USE module_configure, ONLY : grid_config_rec_type, model_config_rec
    USE module_radiation_driver, ONLY : pre_radiation_driver, radiation_driver
    USE module_surface_driver, ONLY : surface_driver
    USE module_cumulus_driver, ONLY : cumulus_driver
    USE module_shallowcu_driver, ONLY : shallowcu_driver
    USE module_pbl_driver, ONLY : pbl_driver
    USE module_fr_fire_driver_wrf, ONLY : fire_driver_em_step
    USE module_fddagd_driver, ONLY : fddagd_driver
    USE module_em, ONLY : init_zero_tendency
    USE module_force_scm
    USE module_convtrans_prep
    USE module_big_step_utilities_em, ONLY : phy_prep
!use module_scalar_tables
#ifdef DM_PARALLEL
    USE module_dm, ONLY : local_communicator, mytask, ntasks, ntasks_x, ntasks_y, local_communicator_periodic, wrf_dm_maxval
    USE module_comm_dm, ONLY : halo_em_phys_a_sub,halo_em_fdda_sfc_sub,halo_pwp_sub,halo_em_chem_e_3_sub, &
    halo_em_chem_e_5_sub, halo_em_hydro_noahmp_sub
#endif
    USE module_utility
    IMPLICIT NONE

    TYPE ( domain ), INTENT(INOUT) :: grid
    TYPE ( grid_config_rec_type ), INTENT(IN) :: config_flags
    TYPE(WRFU_Time)                :: currentTime

    INTEGER, INTENT(IN) :: ids, ide, jds, jde, kds, kde,     &
                           ims, ime, jms, jme, kms, kme,     &
                           ips, ipe, jps, jpe, kps, kpe,     &
                           imsx,imex,jmsx,jmex,kmsx,kmex,    &
                           ipsx,ipex,jpsx,jpex,kpsx,kpex,    &
                           imsy,imey,jmsy,jmey,kmsy,kmey,    &
                           ipsy,ipey,jpsy,jpey,kpsy,kpey


    LOGICAL ,INTENT(IN)                        :: adapt_step_flag
    REAL, INTENT(IN)                           :: curr_secs

    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme,num_moist),INTENT(INOUT)   :: moist
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme,num_moist),INTENT(INOUT)   :: moist_tend
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme,num_chem),INTENT(INOUT)   :: chem
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme,num_chem),INTENT(INOUT)   :: chem_tend
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme,num_tracer),INTENT(INOUT)   :: tracer
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme,num_tracer),INTENT(INOUT)   :: tracer_tend
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme,num_scalar),INTENT(INOUT)   :: scalar
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme,num_scalar),INTENT(INOUT)   :: scalar_tend
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme,num_fdda3d),INTENT(INOUT)  :: fdda3d
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,1:1,jms:jme,num_fdda2d),INTENT(INOUT)      :: fdda2d
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme,num_aerod),INTENT(INOUT)   :: aerod
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,jms:jme), INTENT(INOUT)         :: psim
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,jms:jme), INTENT(INOUT)         :: psih
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,jms:jme), INTENT(INOUT)         :: wspd
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,jms:jme), INTENT(INOUT)         :: gz1oz0
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,jms:jme), INTENT(INOUT)         :: chklowq
    LOGICAL ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,jms:jme), INTENT(INOUT)         :: cu_act_flag
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,jms:jme), INTENT(INOUT)         :: hol

    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme), INTENT(INOUT) :: th_phy
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme), INTENT(INOUT) :: pi_phy
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme), INTENT(INOUT) :: p_phy
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme), INTENT(INOUT) :: t_phy
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme), INTENT(INOUT) :: dz8w
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme), INTENT(INOUT) :: p8w
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme), INTENT(INOUT) :: t8w

    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme), INTENT(INOUT) :: ru_tendf
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme), INTENT(INOUT) :: rv_tendf
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme), INTENT(INOUT) :: rw_tendf
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme), INTENT(INOUT) :: ph_tendf
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme), INTENT(INOUT) :: t_tendf
    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme), INTENT(INOUT) :: tke_tend

    REAL    ,DIMENSION(ims:ime,jms:jme), INTENT(INOUT) :: mu_tendf

    INTEGER, INTENT(IN)                           ::  k_start, k_end
    LOGICAL, INTENT(IN), OPTIONAL                 ::  f_flux

! Local
    real :: HYDRO_dt
    REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme ) :: exch_temf  ! 1/7/09 WA

    REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme ) :: ht_loc, mixht

    INTEGER                             :: ij
    INTEGER  num_roof_layers
    INTEGER  num_wall_layers
    INTEGER  num_road_layers
    INTEGER  iswater
    LOGICAL  :: l_flux
    INTEGER  :: isurban
    INTEGER  rk_step
    INTEGER                         :: yr, month, day, hr, minute, sec, rc
    CHARACTER*80                    :: mesg

   INTEGER                         :: sids , side , sjds , sjde , skds , skde , &
                                      sims , sime , sjms , sjme , skms , skme , &
                                      sips , sipe , sjps , sjpe , skps , skpe

   CHARACTER (LEN=256) :: mminlu
   CHARACTER (LEN=1000) :: message

#if ( WRF_DFI_RADAR == 1 )
    INTEGER  do_capsupress   ! =1 do CAP supress, other = don't
#endif

  CALL get_ijk_from_subgrid (  grid ,                   &
                            sids, side, sjds, sjde, skds, skde,    &
                            sims, sime, sjms, sjme, skms, skme,    &
                            sips, sipe, sjps, sjpe, skps, skpe    )

 ! initialize all tendencies to zero in order to update physics
 ! tendencies first (separate from dry dynamics).

   l_flux=.FALSE.
   if (present(f_flux)) l_flux=f_flux

    rk_step = 1

BENCH_START(init_zero_tend_tim)
       !$OMP PARALLEL DO   &
       !$OMP PRIVATE ( ij )

       DO ij = 1 , grid%num_tiles

         CALL wrf_debug ( 200 , ' call init_zero_tendency' )
         CALL init_zero_tendency ( ru_tendf, rv_tendf, rw_tendf,     &
                                   ph_tendf, t_tendf, tke_tend,      &
                                   mu_tendf,                         &
                                   moist_tend,chem_tend,scalar_tend, &
                                   tracer_tend,num_tracer,           &
                                   num_moist,num_chem,num_scalar,    &
                                   rk_step,                          &
                                   ids, ide, jds, jde, kds, kde,     &
                                   ims, ime, jms, jme, kms, kme,     &
                                   grid%i_start(ij), grid%i_end(ij), &
                                   grid%j_start(ij), grid%j_end(ij), &
                                   k_start, k_end                   )

       END DO
       !$OMP END PARALLEL DO
BENCH_END(init_zero_tend_tim)

#ifdef DM_PARALLEL
#     include "HALO_EM_PHYS_A.inc"
#endif

      !$OMP PARALLEL DO   &
      !$OMP PRIVATE ( ij )
      DO ij = 1 , grid%num_tiles

        CALL wrf_debug ( 200 , ' call phy_prep' )
        CALL phy_prep ( config_flags,                                    &
                        grid%mut, grid%muu, grid%muv,                    &
                        grid%c1h, grid%c2h, grid%c1f, grid%c2f,          &
                        grid%u_2, grid%v_2, grid%p, grid%pb, grid%alt,   &
                        grid%ph_2, grid%phb, grid%t_2, moist, num_moist, &
                        grid%rho,th_phy, p_phy, pi_phy, grid%u_phy, grid%v_phy,      &
                        p8w, t_phy, t8w, grid%z, grid%z_at_w, dz8w,      &
                        grid%p_hyd, grid%p_hyd_w, grid%dnw,              &
                        grid%fnm, grid%fnp, grid%znw, grid%p_top,        &
                        ids, ide, jds, jde, kds, kde,                    &
                        ims, ime, jms, jme, kms, kme,                    &
                        grid%i_start(ij), grid%i_end(ij),                &
                        grid%j_start(ij), grid%j_end(ij),                &
                        k_start, k_end                                   )
      ENDDO
      !$OMP END PARALLEL DO

BENCH_END(phy_prep_tim)

! radiation
     CALL domain_clock_get( grid, current_time=currentTime, &
                            current_timestr=mesg )
     CALL WRFU_TimeGet( currentTime, YY=yr, dayOfYear=day, H=hr, M=minute, S=sec, rc=rc)
         IF( rc/= WRFU_SUCCESS)THEN
         CALL wrf_error_fatal('WRFU_TimeGet failed')
         ENDIF

! this driver is only needed to handle non-local shadowing effects
      CALL pre_radiation_driver ( grid, config_flags                        &
     &        ,itimestep=grid%itimestep, ra_call_offset=grid%ra_call_offset    &
     &        ,XLAT=grid%xlat, XLONG=grid%xlong, GMT=grid%gmt                  &
     &        ,julian=grid%julian, xtime=grid%xtime, RADT=grid%radt            &
     &        ,STEPRA=grid%stepra                                              &
     &        ,ht=grid%ht,dx=grid%dx,dy=grid%dy,sina=grid%sina,cosa=grid%cosa  &
     &        ,shadowmask=grid%shadowmask,slope_rad=config_flags%slope_rad     &
     &        ,topo_shading=config_flags%topo_shading                          &
     &        ,shadlen=config_flags%shadlen,ht_shad=grid%ht_shad,ht_loc=ht_loc &
     &        ,ht_shad_bxs=grid%ht_shad_bxs, ht_shad_bxe=grid%ht_shad_bxe      &
     &        ,ht_shad_bys=grid%ht_shad_bys, ht_shad_bye=grid%ht_shad_bye      &
     &        ,nested=config_flags%nested, min_ptchsz=grid%min_ptchsz          &
     &        ,spec_bdy_width=config_flags%spec_bdy_width                      &
            ! indexes
     &        ,IDS=ids,IDE=ide, JDS=jds,JDE=jde, KDS=kds,KDE=kde          &
     &        ,IMS=ims,IME=ime, JMS=jms,JME=jme, KMS=kms,KME=kme          &
     &        ,IPS=ips,IPE=ipe, JPS=jps,JPE=jpe, KPS=kps,KPE=kpe          &
     &        ,i_start=grid%i_start,i_end=min(grid%i_end, ide-1)          &
     &        ,j_start=grid%j_start,j_end=min(grid%j_end, jde-1)          &
     &        ,kts=k_start, kte=min(k_end,kde-1)                          &
     &        ,num_tiles=grid%num_tiles                                   )

      CALL wrf_debug ( 200 , ' call radiation_driver' )
BENCH_START(rad_driver_tim)

      CALL radiation_driver(                                                  &
     &         p_top=grid%p_top & !DJW 140312 added p_top for vertical nesting
     &        ,ACFRCV=grid%acfrcv      ,ACFRST=grid%acfrst      ,ALBEDO=grid%albedo  &
     &        ,CFRACH=grid%cfrach      ,CFRACL=grid%cfracl      ,CFRACM=grid%cfracm  &
     &        ,CUPPT=grid%cuppt        ,CZMEAN=grid%czmean      ,DT=grid%dt          &
     &        ,DZ8W=dz8w               ,EMISS=grid%emiss        ,GLW=grid%glw        &
     &        ,GMT=grid%gmt            ,GSW=grid%gsw            ,HBOT=grid%hbot      &
     &        ,HTOP=grid%htop          ,HBOTR=grid%hbotr        ,HTOPR=grid%htopr    &
     &        ,ICLOUD=config_flags%icloud                                            &
     &        ,ITIMESTEP=grid%itimestep,JULDAY=grid%julday      , JULIAN=grid%julian &
     &        ,JULYR=grid%julyr        ,LW_PHYSICS=config_flags%ra_lw_physics        &
     &        ,NCFRCV=grid%ncfrcv      ,NCFRST=grid%ncfrst      ,NPHS=1              &
     &        ,o3input=config_flags%o3input     ,O3rad=grid%o3rad                    &
     &        ,aer_opt=config_flags%aer_opt ,aerod=aerod(:,:,:,P_ocarbon:P_upperaer) &
     &        ,swint_opt=config_flags%swint_opt                                      &
     &        ,P8W=grid%p_hyd_w        ,P=grid%p_hyd            ,PI=pi_phy           &
     &        ,RADT=grid%radt          ,RA_CALL_OFFSET=grid%ra_call_offset           &
     &        ,RHO=grid%rho            ,RLWTOA=grid%rlwtoa                           &
     &        ,RSWTOA=grid%rswtoa      ,RTHRATEN=grid%rthraten                       &
     &        ,RTHRATENLW=grid%rthratenlw       ,RTHRATENSW=grid%rthratensw          &
     &        ,SNOW=grid%snow          ,STEPRA=grid%stepra      ,SWDOWN=grid%swdown  &
     &        ,SWDOWNC=grid%swdownc    ,SW_PHYSICS=config_flags%ra_sw_physics        &
     &        ,T8W=t8w                 ,T=grid%t_phy           ,TAUCLDC=grid%taucldc &
     &        ,TAUCLDI=grid%taucldi    ,TSK=grid%tsk            ,VEGFRA=grid%vegfra  &
     &        ,WARM_RAIN=grid%warm_rain ,XICE=grid%xice         ,XLAND=grid%xland    &
     &        ,XLAT=grid%xlat          ,XLONG=grid%xlong        ,YR=yr               &
           ! SSiB LSM radiation components (fds 06/2010)
     &        ,ALSWVISDIR=grid%alswvisdir ,ALSWVISDIF=grid%alswvisdif      &  !ssib 
     &        ,ALSWNIRDIR=grid%alswnirdir ,ALSWNIRDIF=grid%alswnirdif      &  !ssib
     &        ,SWVISDIR=grid%swvisdir ,SWVISDIF=grid%swvisdif              &  !ssib
     &        ,SWNIRDIR=grid%swnirdir ,SWNIRDIF=grid%swnirdif              &  !ssib
     &        ,SF_SURFACE_PHYSICS=config_flags%sf_surface_physics          &  !ssib
! WRF-solar and aerosol variables from jararias 2013/8 and 2013/11
     &       ,SWDDIR=grid%swddir,SWDDNI=grid%swddni,SWDDIF=grid%swddif                              & 
     &       ,Gx=grid%Gx,Bx=grid%Bx,gg=grid%gg,bb=grid%bb                                           &
     &       ,swdown_ref=grid%swdown_ref,swddir_ref=grid%swddir_ref                                 &
     &       ,coszen_ref=grid%coszen_ref                                                            &
     &       ,aer_type=config_flags%aer_type                                                        &
     &       ,aer_aod550_opt=config_flags%aer_aod550_opt,aer_aod550_val=config_flags%aer_aod550_val &
     &       ,aer_angexp_opt=config_flags%aer_angexp_opt,aer_angexp_val=config_flags%aer_angexp_val &
     &       ,aer_ssa_opt=config_flags%aer_ssa_opt,aer_ssa_val=config_flags%aer_ssa_val             &
     &       ,aer_asy_opt=config_flags%aer_asy_opt,aer_asy_val=config_flags%aer_asy_val             &
     &       ,aod5502d=grid%aod5502d,angexp2d=grid%angexp2d,aerssa2d=grid%aerssa2d                  &
     &       ,aerasy2d=grid%aerasy2d,aod5503d=grid%aod5503d                                         &
     &       ,taod5502d=grid%taod5502d,taod5503d=grid%taod5503d                                     & ! Trude
!Optional solar variables
     &        ,DECLINX=grid%declin ,SOLCONX=grid%solcon ,COSZEN=grid%coszen ,HRANG=grid%hrang    &
     &        , CEN_LAT=grid%cen_lat                                      &
     &        ,Z=grid%z                                                   &
     &        ,ALEVSIZ=grid%alevsiz, no_src_types=grid%no_src_types       &
     &        ,LEVSIZ=grid%levsiz, N_OZMIXM=num_ozmixm                    &
     &        ,N_AEROSOLC=num_aerosolc                                    &
     &        ,PAERLEV=grid%paerlev   ,ID=grid%id                         &
     &        ,CAM_ABS_DIM1=grid%cam_abs_dim1, CAM_ABS_DIM2=grid%cam_abs_dim2 &
     &        ,CAM_ABS_FREQ_S=grid%cam_abs_freq_s                         &
     &        ,XTIME=grid%xtime                                                &
              ,CURR_SECS=curr_secs, ADAPT_STEP_FLAG=adapt_step_flag       &
!BSINGH - For WRFCuP scheme
     &        ,CU_PHYSICS=config_flags%cu_physics                         & !CuP, wig 5-Oct-2006
     &        ,SHALLOWCU_FORCED_RA=config_flags%shallowcu_forced_ra       & !CuP, wig
     &        ,CUBOT=grid%cubot, CUTOP=grid%cutop                         & !CuP, wig 9-Oct-2006
     &        ,CLDFRA_CUP=grid%cldfra_cup                                 & !CuP, wig 1-Oct-2006
     &        ,SHALL=grid%shall                                           & !CuP, wig 4-Feb-2008
!BSINGH - ENDS
            ! indexes
     &        ,IDS=ids,IDE=ide, JDS=jds,JDE=jde, KDS=kds,KDE=kde          &
     &        ,IMS=ims,IME=ime, JMS=jms,JME=jme, KMS=kms,KME=kme          &
     &        ,i_start=grid%i_start,i_end=min(grid%i_end, ide-1)          &
     &        ,j_start=grid%j_start,j_end=min(grid%j_end, jde-1)          &
     &        ,kts=k_start, kte=min(k_end,kde-1)                          &
     &        ,num_tiles=grid%num_tiles                                   &
            ! Optional
!JJS 20101020 vvvvv
     &        , TLWDN=grid%tlwdn, TLWUP=grid%tlwup                        & ! goddard schemes
     &        , SLWDN=grid%slwdn, SLWUP=grid%slwup                        & ! goddard schemes
     &        , TSWDN=grid%tswdn, TSWUP=grid%tswup                        & ! goddard schemes
     &        , SSWDN=grid%sswdn, SSWUP=grid%sswup                        & ! goddard schemes
!JJS 20101020 ^^^^^
!ZCX+ cloud fraction for CLWRF
     &        , CLDT=grid%cldt, ZNU=grid%znu                              &
!ZCX-
     &        , CLDFRA=grid%cldfra, CLDFRA_MP_ALL=grid%cldfra_mp_all      &
     &        , LRADIUS=grid%LRADIUS,IRADIUS=grid%IRADIUS                 & !BSINGH(01/22/2014)
     &        , CLDFRA_DP=grid%cldfra_dp                                  & ! ckay for subgrid cloud
     &        , CLDFRA_SH=grid%cldfra_sh                                  &
     &        , icloud_bl=config_flags%icloud_bl                          & !JOE: subgrid BL clouds
     &        , qc_bl=grid%qc_bl,cldfra_bl=grid%cldfra_bl                 & !JOE: subgrid bl clouds
     &        , re_cloud=grid%re_cloud, re_ice=grid%re_ice, re_snow=grid%re_snow & ! G. Thompson
     &        , has_reqc=grid%has_reqc, has_reqi=grid%has_reqi, has_reqs=grid%has_reqs & ! G. Thompson
     &        , PB=grid%pb                                                &
     &        , F_ICE_PHY=grid%f_ice_phy,F_RAIN_PHY=grid%f_rain_phy       &
     &        , QV=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QV), F_QV=F_QV                     &
     &        , QC=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QC), F_QC=F_QC                     &
     &        , QR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QR), F_QR=F_QR                     &
     &        , QI=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QI), F_QI=F_QI                     &
     &        , QS=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QS), F_QS=F_QS                     &
     &        , QG=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QG), F_QG=F_QG                     &
     &        , QNDROP=scalar(ims,kms,jms,P_QNDROP), F_QNDROP=F_QNDROP    &
     &        ,QNIFA=scalar(ims,kms,jms,P_QNIFA),F_QNIFA=F_QNIFA          & !Trude
     &        ,QNWFA=scalar(ims,kms,jms,P_QNWFA),F_QNWFA=F_QNWFA          & !Trude
     &        ,ACSWUPT=grid%acswupt    ,ACSWUPTC=grid%acswuptc            &
     &        ,ACSWDNT=grid%acswdnt    ,ACSWDNTC=grid%acswdntc            &
     &        ,ACSWUPB=grid%acswupb    ,ACSWUPBC=grid%acswupbc            &
     &        ,ACSWDNB=grid%acswdnb    ,ACSWDNBC=grid%acswdnbc            &
     &        ,ACLWUPT=grid%aclwupt    ,ACLWUPTC=grid%aclwuptc            &
     &        ,ACLWDNT=grid%aclwdnt    ,ACLWDNTC=grid%aclwdntc            &
     &        ,ACLWUPB=grid%aclwupb    ,ACLWUPBC=grid%aclwupbc            &
     &        ,ACLWDNB=grid%aclwdnb    ,ACLWDNBC=grid%aclwdnbc            &
     &        ,SWUPT=grid%swupt    ,SWUPTC=grid%swuptc                    &
     &        ,SWDNT=grid%swdnt    ,SWDNTC=grid%swdntc                    &
     &        ,SWUPB=grid%swupb    ,SWUPBC=grid%swupbc                    &
     &        ,SWDNB=grid%swdnb    ,SWDNBC=grid%swdnbc                    &
     &        ,LWUPT=grid%lwupt    ,LWUPTC=grid%lwuptc                    &
     &        ,LWDNT=grid%lwdnt    ,LWDNTC=grid%lwdntc                    &
     &        ,LWUPB=grid%lwupb    ,LWUPBC=grid%lwupbc                    &
     &        ,LWDNB=grid%lwdnb    ,LWDNBC=grid%lwdnbc                    &
     &        ,LWCF=grid%lwcf                                                  &
     &        ,SWCF=grid%swcf                                                  &
     &        ,OLR=grid%olr                                                    &
     &        ,AERODM=grid%aerodm, PINA=grid%pina, AODTOT=grid%aodtot          &
     &        ,OZMIXM=grid%ozmixm, PIN=grid%pin                                &
     &        ,M_PS_1=grid%m_ps_1, M_PS_2=grid%m_ps_2, AEROSOLC_1=grid%aerosolc_1        &
     &        ,AEROSOLC_2=grid%aerosolc_2, M_HYBI0=grid%m_hybi                      &
     &        ,ABSTOT=grid%abstot, ABSNXT=grid%absnxt, EMSTOT=grid%emstot                &
     &        ,RADTACTTIME=grid%radtacttime                                         &  
     &        ,ICLOUD_CU=config_flags%ICLOUD_CU                            &
     &        ,QC_CU=grid%QC_CU , QI_CU=grid%QI_CU                         &
#if (WRF_CHEM == 1)
     &        ,AER_RA_FEEDBACK=config_flags%aer_ra_feedback                &
     &        ,PM2_5_DRY=grid%pm2_5_dry, PM2_5_WATER=grid%pm2_5_water               &
     &        ,PM2_5_DRY_EC=grid%pm2_5_dry_ec                                  &
     &        ,TAUAER300=grid%tauaer1, TAUAER400=grid%tauaer2 & ! jcb
     &        ,TAUAER600=grid%tauaer3, TAUAER999=grid%tauaer4 & ! jcb
     &        ,GAER300=grid%gaer1, GAER400=grid%gaer2, GAER600=grid%gaer3, GAER999=grid%gaer4 & ! jcb
     &        ,WAER300=grid%waer1, WAER400=grid%waer2, WAER600=grid%waer3, WAER999=grid%waer4 & ! jcb
     &        ,TAUAERlw1  =grid%tauaerlw1,  TAUAERlw2=grid%tauaerlw2    & 
     &        ,TAUAERlw3  =grid%tauaerlw3,  TAUAERlw4=grid%tauaerlw4    & 
     &        ,TAUAERlw5  =grid%tauaerlw5,  TAUAERlw6=grid%tauaerlw6    & 
     &        ,TAUAERlw7  =grid%tauaerlw7,  TAUAERlw8=grid%tauaerlw8    & 
     &        ,TAUAERlw9  =grid%tauaerlw9,  TAUAERlw10=grid%tauaerlw10    & 
     &        ,TAUAERlw11 =grid%tauaerlw11, TAUAERlw12=grid%tauaerlw12    & 
     &        ,TAUAERlw13 =grid%tauaerlw13, TAUAERlw14=grid%tauaerlw14    & 
     &        ,TAUAERlw15 =grid%tauaerlw15, TAUAERlw16=grid%tauaerlw16   & 
     &        ,progn=config_flags%progn                                            &
#endif
     &         ,slope_rad=config_flags%slope_rad,topo_shading=config_flags%topo_shading     &
     &         ,shadowmask=grid%shadowmask,ht=grid%ht,dx=grid%dx,dy=grid%dy &           
     &         ,diffuse_frac=grid%diffuse_frac &           
     &         ,IS_CAMMGMP_USED = grid%is_CAMMGMP_used    &
     &         ,MP_PHYSICS=CONFIG_FLAGS%MP_PHYSICS )

BENCH_END(rad_driver_tim)

!********* Surface driver
! surface

BENCH_START(surf_driver_tim)

!gmm halo of wtd and riverflow for leafhydro
#ifdef DM_PARALLEL
  IF ( config_flags%sf_surface_physics.eq.NOAHMPSCHEME ) THEN
       IF ( config_flags%opt_run.eq.5.and.mod(grid%itimestep,grid%STEPWTD).eq.0 )  THEN
#     include "HALO_EM_HYDRO_NOAHMP.inc"
       ENDIF
  ENDIF
#endif

!-----------------------------------------------------------------
! urban related variable are added to arguments of surface_driver
!-----------------------------------------------------------------
      num_roof_layers = grid%num_soil_layers !urban
      num_wall_layers = grid%num_soil_layers !urban
      num_road_layers = grid%num_soil_layers !urban
      CALL nl_get_iswater(grid%id, iswater)
      CALL nl_get_isurban(grid%id, isurban)
      call nl_get_mminlu(grid%id, mminlu)

#ifdef DM_PARALLEL
#     include "HALO_PWP.inc"
#endif

      CALL wrf_debug ( 200 , ' call surface_driver' )

      if( grid%num_nests .lt. 1 )then
          HYDRO_dt = 0
      else
          HYDRO_dt = -1
      endif

      CALL surface_driver(                                                &
     &        HYDRO_dt=HYDRO_dt,  sfcheadrt=grid%sfcheadrt,               &
     &        INFXSRT=grid%INFXSRT,  soldrain=grid%soldrain,              &
     &         ACGRDFLX=grid%acgrdflx  ,ACHFX=grid%achfx        ,ACLHF=grid%aclhf        &
     &        ,ACSNOM=grid%acsnom      ,ACSNOW=grid%acsnow      ,AKHS=grid%akhs          &
     &        ,AKMS=grid%akms          ,ALBBCK=grid%albbck      ,ALBEDO=grid%albedo      &
     &        ,EMBCK=grid%embck                                                          &
     &        ,BR=grid%br              ,CANWAT=grid%canwat      ,CHKLOWQ=chklowq    &
     &        ,CT=grid%ct              ,DT=grid%dt         ,DX=grid%dx         &
     &        ,DZ8W=dz8w          ,DZS=grid%dzs            ,FLHC=grid%flhc          &
     &        ,FM=grid%fm         ,FHH=grid%fh                                      &
     &        ,FLQC=grid%flqc          ,GLW=grid%glw            ,GRDFLX=grid%grdflx      &
     &        ,GSW=grid%gsw    ,SWDOWN=grid%swdown        ,GZ1OZ0=gz1oz0      ,HFX=grid%hfx              &
     &        ,HT=grid%ht              ,IFSNOW=config_flags%ifsnow      ,ISFFLX=config_flags%isfflx      &
     &        ,FRACTIONAL_SEAICE=config_flags%fractional_seaice           &
     &        ,SEAICE_ALBEDO_OPT=config_flags%seaice_albedo_opt           &
     &        ,SEAICE_ALBEDO_DEFAULT=config_flags%seaice_albedo_default   &
     &        ,SEAICE_THICKNESS_OPT=config_flags%seaice_thickness_opt     &
     &        ,SEAICE_THICKNESS_DEFAULT=config_flags%seaice_thickness_default     &
     &        ,SEAICE_SNOWDEPTH_OPT=config_flags%seaice_snowdepth_opt     &
     &        ,SEAICE_SNOWDEPTH_MAX=config_flags%seaice_snowdepth_max     &
     &        ,SEAICE_SNOWDEPTH_MIN=config_flags%seaice_snowdepth_min     &
     &        ,TICE2TSK_IF2COLD=config_flags%tice2tsk_if2cold             &
     &        ,IFNDALBSI=grid%ifndalbsi, IFNDICEDEPTH=grid%ifndicedepth   &
     &        ,IFNDSNOWSI=grid%ifndsnowsi                                 &
     &        ,ISLTYP=grid%isltyp      ,ITIMESTEP=grid%itimestep, JULIAN_IN=grid%julian                  &
     &        ,IVGTYP=grid%ivgtyp      ,LH=grid%lh              ,LOWLYR=grid%lowlyr      &
     &        ,MAVAIL=grid%mavail      ,NUM_SOIL_LAYERS=config_flags%num_soil_layers        &
     &        ,P8W=grid%p_hyd_w            ,PBLH=grid%pblh          ,PI_PHY=pi_phy      &
     &        ,PSFC=grid%psfc          ,PSHLTR=grid%pshltr      ,PSIH=psih          &
     &        ,BLDT=grid%bldt     ,CURR_SECS=curr_secs, ADAPT_STEP_FLAG=adapt_step_flag  &
     &        ,BLDTACTTIME=grid%bldtacttime                                              & 
     &        ,PSIM=psim          ,P_PHY=grid%p_hyd        ,Q10=grid%q10            &
     &        ,Q2=grid%q2              ,QFX=grid%qfx            ,QSFC=grid%qsfc          &
     &        ,QSHLTR=grid%qshltr      ,QZ0=grid%qz0            ,RAINCV=grid%raincv      &
     &        ,RA_LW_PHYSICS=config_flags%ra_lw_physics         ,RHO=grid%rho            &
     &        ,RMOL=grid%rmol          ,SFCEVP=grid%sfcevp      ,SFCEXC=grid%sfcexc      &
     &        ,SFCRUNOFF=grid%sfcrunoff,ACRUNOFF=grid%ACRUNOFF                           &
     &        ,opt_thcnd=config_flags%opt_thcnd                                          &
     &        ,SF_SFCLAY_PHYSICS=config_flags%sf_sfclay_physics                        &
     &        ,SF_SURFACE_PHYSICS=config_flags%sf_surface_physics  ,SH2O=grid%sh2o          &
     &        ,SHDMAX=grid%shdmax      ,SHDMIN=grid%shdmin      ,SMOIS=grid%smois        &
     &        ,SMSTAV=grid%smstav      ,SMSTOT=grid%smstot      ,SNOALB=grid%snoalb      &
     &        ,SNOW=grid%snow          ,SNOWC=grid%snowc        ,SNOWH=grid%snowh        &
     &        ,SMCREL=grid%smcrel                                                        &
     &        ,SST=grid%sst            ,SST_INPUT=grid%sst_input,SST_UPDATE=grid%sst_update                  &
     &        ,SSTSK=grid%sstsk        ,DTW=grid%dtw            ,SST_SKIN=grid%sst_skin  &
     &        ,SCM_FORCE_SKINTEMP=grid%scm_force_skintemp                                &
     &        ,SCM_FORCE_FLUX=grid%scm_force_flux                                        &
     &        ,STEPBL=grid%stepbl      ,TH10=grid%th10          ,TH2=grid%th2            &
     &        ,THZ0=grid%thz0          ,TH_PHY=th_phy      ,TKE_PBL=grid%tke_pbl    &
     &        ,TMN=grid%tmn            ,TSHLTR=grid%tshltr      ,TSK=grid%tsk            &
     &        ,TYR=grid%tyr            ,TYRA=grid%tyra          ,TDLY=grid%tdly          &
     &        ,TLAG=grid%tlag          ,LAGDAY=config_flags%lagday      ,NYEAR=grid%nyear        &
     &        ,NDAY=grid%nday          ,TMN_UPDATE=grid%tmn_update      ,YR=yr            &
     &        ,TSLB=grid%tslb          ,T_PHY=t_phy        ,U10=grid%u10            &
     &        ,URATX=grid%uratx        ,VRATX=grid%vratx   ,TRATX=grid%tratx        &
     &        ,UDRUNOFF=grid%udrunoff  ,UST=grid%ust       ,UZ0=grid%uz0            &
     &        ,U_FRAME=grid%u_frame    ,U_PHY=grid%u_phy   ,V10=grid%v10            &
     &        ,UOCE=grid%uoce          ,VOCE=grid%voce                              &
     &        ,VEGFRA=grid%vegfra      ,VZ0=grid%vz0       ,V_FRAME=grid%v_frame    &
     &        ,V_PHY=grid%v_phy        ,WARM_RAIN=grid%warm_rain                    &
     &        ,WSPD=wspd               ,XICE=grid%xice     ,XLAND=grid%xland        &
     &        ,MAX_EDOM=grid%num_ext_model_couple_dom      ,CPLMASK=grid%cplmask    &
     &        ,Z0=grid%z0              ,Z=grid%z        ,ZNT=grid%znt               &
     &        ,ZS=grid%zs              ,ALBSI=grid%albsi , ICEDEPTH=grid%icedepth   &
     &        ,SNOWSI=grid%snowsi                                                   &
     &        ,XICEM=grid%xicem   ,ISICE=grid%landuse_isice                         &
     &        ,USTM=grid%ustm          ,CK=grid%ck         ,CKA=grid%cka            &
     &                                 ,CD=grid%cd         ,CDA=grid%cda            &
     &        ,ISFTCFLX=config_flags%isftcflx, IZ0TLND=config_flags%iz0tlnd         &
     &        ,SF_OCEAN_PHYSICS=config_flags%sf_ocean_physics                       &
     &        ,OML_HML0=config_flags%oml_hml0 ,OML_GAMMA=config_flags%oml_gamma     &
     &        ,TML=grid%tml, T0ML=grid%t0ml, HML=grid%hml, H0ML=grid%h0ml           &
     &        ,HUML=grid%huml, HVML=grid%hvml, F=grid%f                             &
     &        ,TMOML=grid%TMOML,ISWATER=iswater                                     &
     &        ,OML_RELAXATION_TIME=grid%OML_RELAXATION_TIME                         &
     &        ,lakedepth2d=grid%lakedepth2d,    savedtke12d=grid%savedtke12d        &   
     &        ,snowdp2d=grid%snowdp2d,          h2osno2d=grid%h2osno2d              & !lake
     &        ,snl2d=grid%snl2d,                t_grnd2d=grid%t_grnd2d              &   
     &        ,t_lake3d=grid%t_lake3d,          lake_icefrac3d=grid%lake_icefrac3d  & !lake  
     &        ,z_lake3d=grid%z_lake3d,          dz_lake3d=grid%dz_lake3d            &   
     &        ,t_soisno3d=grid%t_soisno3d,      h2osoi_ice3d=grid%h2osoi_ice3d      & !lake
     &        ,h2osoi_liq3d=grid%h2osoi_liq3d,  h2osoi_vol3d=grid%h2osoi_vol3d      &   
     &        ,z3d=grid%z3d,                    dz3d=grid%dz3d                      & !lake
     &        ,zi3d=grid%zi3d,                  watsat3d=grid%watsat3d              &   
     &        ,csol3d=grid%csol3d,              tkmg3d=grid%tkmg3d                  & !lake     
     &        ,tkdry3d=grid%tkdry3d,            tksatu3d=grid%tksatu3d              &   
     &        ,LakeModel=grid%sf_lake_physics,  lake_min_elev=grid%lake_min_elev    & !lake  
#if ( EM_CORE == 1)
     &        ,LakeMask=grid%LakeMask                                               & ! lake
#endif
! CLM Varaibles
     &        ,NUMC=grid%numc,NUMP=grid%nump,SABV=grid%sabv,SABG=grid%sabg,         &
     &         LWUP=grid%lwup,SNL=grid%snl,                                         &
     &         HISTORY_INTERVAL=config_flags%history_interval ,                     &!ylu add hist inverval for accumulation T max/min
     &         SNOWDP=grid%snowdp, WTC=grid%wtc,WTP=grid%wtp, H2OSNO=grid%h2osno,   &
     &         T_GRND=grid%t_grnd,T_VEG=grid%t_veg,                                 &
     &         H2OCAN=grid%h2ocan, H2OCAN_COL=grid%h2ocan_col,T2M_MAX=grid%t2m_max, &
     &         T2M_MIN=grid%t2m_min,T2CLM=grid%t2clm,                               &
     &         T_REF2M=grid%t_ref2m,H2OSOI_LIQ_S1=grid%h2osoi_liq_s1,               &
     &         H2OSOI_LIQ_S2=grid%h2osoi_liq_s2,                                    &
     &         H2OSOI_LIQ_S3=grid%h2osoi_liq_s3,H2OSOI_LIQ_S4=grid%h2osoi_liq_s4,   &
     &         H2OSOI_LIQ_S5=grid%h2osoi_liq_s5,                                    &
     &         H2OSOI_LIQ1=grid%h2osoi_liq1,H2OSOI_LIQ2=grid%h2osoi_liq2,           &
     &         H2OSOI_LIQ3=grid%h2osoi_liq3,H2OSOI_LIQ4=grid%h2osoi_liq4,           &
     &         H2OSOI_LIQ5=grid%h2osoi_liq5,H2OSOI_LIQ6=grid%h2osoi_liq6,           &
     &         H2OSOI_LIQ7=grid%h2osoi_liq7,H2OSOI_LIQ8=grid%h2osoi_liq8,           &
     &         H2OSOI_LIQ9=grid%h2osoi_liq9, H2OSOI_LIQ10=grid%h2osoi_liq10,        &
     &         H2OSOI_ICE_S1=grid%h2osoi_ice_s1,H2OSOI_ICE_S2=grid%h2osoi_ice_s2,   &
     &         H2OSOI_ICE_S3=grid%h2osoi_ice_s3, H2OSOI_ICE_S4=grid%h2osoi_ice_s4,  &
     &         H2OSOI_ICE_S5=grid%h2osoi_ice_s5,                                    &
     &         H2OSOI_ICE1=grid%h2osoi_ice1, H2OSOI_ICE2=grid%h2osoi_ice2,          &
     &         H2OSOI_ICE3=grid%h2osoi_ice3,H2OSOI_ICE4=grid%h2osoi_ice4,           &
     &         H2OSOI_ICE5=grid%h2osoi_ice5, H2OSOI_ICE6=grid%h2osoi_ice6,          &
     &         H2OSOI_ICE7=grid%h2osoi_ice7,H2OSOI_ICE8=grid%h2osoi_ice8,           &
     &         H2OSOI_ICE9=grid%h2osoi_ice9,H2OSOI_ICE10=grid%h2osoi_ice10,         &
     &         T_SOISNO_S1=grid%t_soisno_s1,T_SOISNO_S2=grid%t_soisno_s2,           &
     &         T_SOISNO_S3=grid%t_soisno_s3,T_SOISNO_S4=grid%t_soisno_s4,           &
     &         T_SOISNO_S5=grid%t_soisno_s5,T_SOISNO1=grid%t_soisno1,               &
     &         T_SOISNO2=grid%t_soisno2,T_SOISNO3=grid%t_soisno3,                   &
     &         T_SOISNO4=grid%t_soisno4,T_SOISNO5=grid%t_soisno5,                   &
     &         T_SOISNO6=grid%t_soisno6,T_SOISNO7=grid%t_soisno7,                   &
     &         T_SOISNO8=grid%t_soisno8,T_SOISNO9=grid%t_soisno9,                   &
     &         T_SOISNO10=grid%t_soisno10,DZSNOW1=grid%dzsnow1,DZSNOW2=grid%dzsnow2,& 
     &         DZSNOW3=grid%dzsnow3,DZSNOW4=grid%dzsnow4, DZSNOW5=grid%dzsnow5,     &
     &         SNOWRDS1=grid%snowrds1,SNOWRDS2=grid%snowrds2,                       &
     &         SNOWRDS3=grid%snowrds3 ,SNOWRDS4=grid%snowrds4,                      &
     &         SNOWRDS5=grid%snowrds5,                                              &
     &         T_LAKE1=grid%t_lake1,T_LAKE2=grid%t_lake2,T_LAKE3=grid%t_lake3,      &
     &         T_LAKE4=grid%t_lake4,                                                &
     &         T_LAKE5=grid%t_lake5,T_LAKE6=grid%t_lake6, T_LAKE7=grid%t_lake7,     &
     &         T_LAKE8=grid%t_lake8, T_LAKE9=grid%t_lake9,T_LAKE10=grid%t_lake10,   &
     &         H2OSOI_VOL1=grid%h2osoi_vol1,H2OSOI_VOL2=grid%h2osoi_vol2,           &
     &         H2OSOI_VOL3=grid%h2osoi_vol3,H2OSOI_VOL4=grid%h2osoi_vol4,           &
     &         H2OSOI_VOL5=grid%h2osoi_vol5,                                        &
     &         H2OSOI_VOL6=grid%h2osoi_vol6,H2OSOI_VOL7=grid%h2osoi_vol7,           &
     &         H2OSOI_VOL8=grid%h2osoi_vol8,                                        &
     &         H2OSOI_VOL9=grid%h2osoi_vol9,H2OSOI_VOL10=grid%h2osoi_vol10,         &
     &         MAXPATCH=config_flags%maxpatch,                                      &
     &         INEST=grid%id,ALBEDOsubgrid=grid%ALBEDOsubgrid,                      &
     &         LHsubgrid=grid%LHsubgrid,                                            &
     &         HFXsubgrid=grid%HFXsubgrid,LWUPsubgrid=grid%LWUPsubgrid,             &
     &         Q2subgrid=grid%Q2subgrid,SABVsubgrid=grid%SABVsubgrid,               &
     &         SABGsubgrid=grid%SABGsubgrid,NRAsubgrid=grid%NRAsubgrid,             &
     &         SWUPsubgrid=grid%SWUPsubgrid,LHsoi=grid%LHsoi,                       &
     &         LHveg=grid%LHveg, LHtran=grid%LHtran                                 &
! end of CLM variables
     &        ,SLOPE_RAD=config_flags%slope_rad,TOPO_SHADING=config_flags%topo_shading & ! solar
     &        ,SHADOWMASK=grid%shadowmask,DIFFUSE_FRAC=grid%diffuse_frac               & ! solar
     &        ,SLOPE=grid%slope, SLP_AZI=grid%slp_azi, SWNORM=grid%swnorm              & ! solar
     &        ,DECLIN=grid%declin ,SOLCON=grid%solcon ,COSZEN=grid%coszen ,HRANG=grid%hrang    &
     &        ,xlat_urb2d=grid%XLAT                                       & !I urban
     &        ,NUM_ROOF_LAYERS=num_roof_layers                            & !I urban
     &        ,NUM_WALL_LAYERS=num_wall_layers                            & !I urban
     &        ,NUM_ROAD_LAYERS=num_road_layers                            &
     &        ,DZR=grid%dzr ,DZB=grid%dzb ,DZG=grid%dzg                   & !I urban
     &        ,TR_URB2D=grid%tr_urb2d ,TB_URB2D=grid%tb_urb2d             &
     &        ,TG_URB2D=grid%tg_urb2d                                     & !H urban
     &        ,TC_URB2D=grid%tc_urb2d ,QC_URB2D=grid%qc_urb2d             & !H urban
     &        ,UC_URB2D=grid%uc_urb2d                                     & !H urban
     &        ,XXXR_URB2D=grid%xxxr_urb2d                                 &
     &        ,XXXB_URB2D=grid%xxxb_urb2d                                 & !H urban
     &        ,XXXG_URB2D=grid%xxxg_urb2d                                 &
     &        ,XXXC_URB2D=grid%xxxc_urb2d                                 & !H urban
     &        ,CMCR_URB2D=grid%cmcr_urb2d,TGR_URB2D=grid%tgr_urb2d        & !H urban
     &        ,TGRL_URB3D=grid%tgrl_urb3d,SMR_URB3D=grid%smr_urb3d        & !H urban
     &        ,JULIAN=grid%julday, JULYR=grid%julyr                       & !I urban
     &        ,DRELR_URB2D=grid%drelr_urb2d,DRELB_URB2D=grid%drelb_urb2d  & !H urban
     &        ,DRELG_URB2D=grid%drelg_urb2d                               & !H urban
     &        ,FLXHUMR_URB2D=grid%flxhumr_urb2d                           & !H urban
     &        ,FLXHUMB_URB2D=grid%flxhumb_urb2d                           & !H urban
     &        ,FLXHUMG_URB2D=grid%flxhumg_urb2d                           & !H urban
     &        ,TRL_URB3D=grid%trl_urb3d   ,TBL_URB3D=grid%tbl_urb3d       & !H urban
     &        ,TGL_URB3D=grid%tgl_urb3d                                   & !H urban
     &        ,SH_URB2D=grid%sh_urb2d     ,LH_URB2D=grid%lh_urb2d         &
     &        ,G_URB2D=grid%g_urb2d                                       & !H urban
     &        ,RN_URB2D=grid%rn_urb2d     , TS_URB2D=grid%ts_urb2d        & !H urban
     &        ,FRC_URB2D=grid%frc_urb2d                                   & !H urban
     &        ,UTYPE_URB2D=grid%utype_urb2d                               & !H urban
         ! Optional urban for BEP scheme
     &        ,SF_URBAN_PHYSICS=config_flags%sf_urban_physics             &
     &        ,NUM_URBAN_LAYERS=config_flags%num_urban_layers             & !multi-layer urban
     &        ,NUM_URBAN_HI=config_flags%num_urban_hi                     & !multi-layer urban
     &        ,TRB_URB4D=grid%trb_urb4d,TW1_URB4D=grid%tw1_urb4d          & !multi-layer urban
     &        ,TW2_URB4D=grid%tw2_urb4d,TGB_URB4D=grid%tgb_urb4d          & !multi-layer urban
     &        ,TLEV_URB3D=grid%tlev_urb3d                               & !multi-layer urban
     &        ,QLEV_URB3D=grid%qlev_urb3d                               & !multi-layer urban
     &        ,TW1LEV_URB3D=grid%tw1lev_urb3d                           & !multi-layer urban
     &        ,TW2LEV_URB3D=grid%tw2lev_urb3d                           & !multi-layer urban
     &        ,TGLEV_URB3D=grid%tglev_urb3d                             & !multi-layer urban
     &        ,TFLEV_URB3D=grid%tflev_urb3d                             & !multi-layer urban
     &        ,SF_AC_URB3D=grid%sf_ac_urb3d                             & !multi-layer urban
     &        ,LF_AC_URB3D=grid%lf_ac_urb3d                             & !multi-layer urban
     &        ,CM_AC_URB3D=grid%cm_ac_urb3d                             & !multi-layer urban
     &        ,SFVENT_URB3D=grid%sfvent_urb3d                           & !multi-layer urban
     &        ,LFVENT_URB3D=grid%lfvent_urb3d                           & !multi-layer urban
     &        ,SFWIN1_URB3D=grid%sfwin1_urb3d                           & !multi-layer urban
     &        ,SFWIN2_URB3D=grid%sfwin2_urb3d                           & !multi-layer urban
     &        ,SFW1_URB3D=grid%sfw1_urb3d,SFW2_URB3D=grid%sfw2_urb3d      & !multi-layer urban
     &        ,SFR_URB3D=grid%sfr_urb3d,SFG_URB3D=grid%sfg_urb3d          & !multi-layer urban
     &        ,LP_URB2D=grid%lp_urb2d,HI_URB2D=grid%hi_urb2d              & !multi-layer urban
     &        ,LB_URB2D=grid%lb_urb2d,HGT_URB2D=grid%hgt_urb2d            & !multi-layer urban
     &        ,MH_URB2D=grid%mh_urb2d,STDH_URB2D=grid%stdh_urb2d          & !SLUCM
     &        ,LF_URB2D=grid%lf_urb2d                                           & 
     &        ,GMT=grid%gmt,XLAT=grid%xlat,XLONG=grid%xlong,JULDAY=grid%julday  &
     &        ,A_U_BEP=grid%a_u_bep,A_V_BEP=grid%a_v_bep,A_T_BEP=grid%a_t_bep   &
     &        ,A_Q_BEP=grid%a_q_bep                                             &
     &        ,B_U_BEP=grid%b_u_bep,B_V_BEP=grid%b_v_bep,B_T_BEP=grid%b_t_bep   &
     &        ,B_Q_BEP=grid%b_q_bep                                             &
     &        ,SF_BEP=grid%sf_bep,VL_BEP=grid%vl_bep                            &
     &        ,A_E_BEP=grid%a_e_bep,B_E_BEP=grid%b_e_bep,DLG_BEP=grid%dlg_bep   &
     &        ,DL_U_BEP=grid%dl_u_bep                                           &
     &        ,CMR_SFCDIF=grid%cmr_sfcdif, CHR_SFCDIF=grid%chr_sfcdif     & !I/O urban
     &        ,CMC_SFCDIF=grid%cmc_sfcdif, CHC_SFCDIF=grid%chc_sfcdif     & !I/O urban
     &        ,CMGR_SFCDIF=grid%cmgr_sfcdif, CHGR_SFCDIF=grid%chgr_sfcdif & !I/O urban
           ! P-X LSM Variables
     &        ,LANDUSEF=grid%landusef, SOILCTOP=grid%soilctop             &   ! P-X LSM
     &        ,SOILCBOT=grid%soilcbot                                     &   ! P-X LSM
     &        ,RA=grid%ra, RS=grid%rs, LAI=grid%lai, IMPERV=grid%imperv   &   ! P-X LSM
     &        ,CANFRA=grid%canfra, NLCAT=grid%num_land_cat                &   ! P-X LSM
     &        ,NSCAT=grid%num_soil_cat                                    &   ! P-X LSM
     &        ,VEGF_PX=grid%vegf_px, SNOWNCV=grid%snowncv                 &   ! P-X LSM
     &        ,ANAL_INTERVAL=config_flags%auxinput9_interval_s+config_flags%auxinput9_interval_m*60  &   ! P-X LSM
     &        ,PXLSM_SMOIS_INIT=config_flags%pxlsm_smois_init             &   ! P-X LSM
     &        ,PXLSM_SOIL_NUDGE=config_flags%pxlsm_soil_nudge             &   ! P-X LSM
           ! SSiB LSM variables (fds 06/2010)
     &        ,alswvisdir=grid%alswvisdir, alswvisdif=grid%alswvisdif    & !ssib
     &        ,alswnirdir=grid%alswnirdir, alswnirdif=grid%alswnirdif    & !ssib
     &        ,swvisdir=grid%swvisdir, swvisdif=grid%swvisdif            & !ssib
     &        ,swnirdir=grid%swnirdir, swnirdif=grid%swnirdif            & !ssib 
     &        ,ssib_br=grid%ssib_br,  ssib_fm=grid%ssib_fm               & !ssib
     &        ,ssib_fh=grid%ssib_fh,  ssib_cm=grid%ssib_cm               & !ssib
     &        ,ssibxdd=grid%ssibxdd,  ssib_lhf=grid%ssib_lhf             & !ssib
     &        ,ssib_shf=grid%ssib_shf, ssib_ghf=grid%ssib_ghf            & !ssib
     &        ,ssib_egs=grid%ssib_egs, ssib_eci=grid%ssib_eci            & !ssib
     &        ,ssib_ect=grid%ssib_ect, ssib_egi=grid%ssib_egi            & !ssib
     &        ,ssib_egt=grid%ssib_egt, ssib_sdn=grid%ssib_sdn            & !ssib
     &        ,ssib_sup=grid%ssib_sup, ssib_ldn=grid%ssib_ldn            & !ssib
     &        ,ssib_lup=grid%ssib_lup, ssib_wat=grid%ssib_wat            & !ssib
     &        ,ssib_shc=grid%ssib_shc, ssib_shg=grid%ssib_shg            & !ssib
     &        ,ssib_lai=grid%ssib_lai, ssib_vcf=grid%ssib_vcf            & !ssib
     &        ,ssib_z00=grid%ssib_z00, ssib_veg=grid%ssib_veg            & !ssib
     &        ,cldfra=grid%cldfra                                        & !ssib
     &        ,ISNOW=grid%isnow, SWE=grid%swe, SNOWDEN=grid%snowden      & !ssib snow
     &        ,SNOWDEPTH=grid%snowdepth, TKAIR=grid%tkair                & !ssib snow
     &        ,DZO1=grid%dzo1, WO1=grid%wo1, TSSN1=grid%tssn1, TSSNO1=grid%tssno1     & !ssib snow
     &        ,BWO1=grid%bwo1, BTO1=grid%bto1, CTO1=grid%cto1, FIO1=grid%fio1         & !ssib snow
     &        ,FLO1=grid%flo1, BIO1=grid%bio1, BLO1=grid%blo1, HO1=grid%ho1           & !ssib snow
     &        ,DZO2=grid%dzo2, WO2=grid%wo2, TSSN2=grid%tssn2, TSSNO2=grid%tssno2     & !ssib snow
     &        ,BWO2=grid%bwo2, BTO2=grid%bto2, CTO2=grid%cto2, FIO2=grid%fio2         & !ssib snow
     &        ,FLO2=grid%flo2, BIO2=grid%bio2, BLO2=grid%blo2, HO2=grid%ho2           & !ssib snow
     &        ,DZO3=grid%dzo3, WO3=grid%wo3, TSSN3=grid%tssn3, TSSNO3=grid%tssno3     & !ssib snow
     &        ,BWO3=grid%bwo3, BTO3=grid%bto3, CTO3=grid%cto3, FIO3=grid%fio3         & !ssib snow
     &        ,FLO3=grid%flo3, BIO3=grid%bio3, BLO3=grid%blo3, HO3=grid%ho3           & !ssib snow
     &        ,DZO4=grid%dzo4, WO4=grid%wo4, TSSN4=grid%tssn4, TSSNO4=grid%tssno4     & !ssib snow
     &        ,BWO4=grid%bwo4, BTO4=grid%bto4, CTO4=grid%cto4, FIO4=grid%fio4         & !ssib snow
     &        ,FLO4=grid%flo4, BIO4=grid%bio4, BLO4=grid%blo4, HO4=grid%ho4           & !ssib snow
     &        ,RA_SW_PHYSICS=config_flags%ra_sw_physics                  & !ssib
!------------------------------------------------------------------------------
           ! Optional PX LSM nudging
     &        ,t2_ndg_old=grid%t2_ndg_old                  &
     &        ,q2_ndg_old=grid%q2_ndg_old                  &
     &        ,t2_ndg_new=grid%t2_ndg_new                  &
     &        ,q2_ndg_new=grid%q2_ndg_new                  &
     &        ,sn_ndg_old=grid%sn_ndg_old                  &
     &        ,sn_ndg_new=grid%sn_ndg_new                  &
! for Noah-MP LSM
     &        ,idveg=config_flags%dveg,         iopt_crs=config_flags%opt_crs &
     &        ,iopt_btr=config_flags%opt_btr,   iopt_run=config_flags%opt_run &
     &        ,iopt_sfc=config_flags%opt_sfc,   iopt_frz=config_flags%opt_frz &
     &        ,iopt_inf=config_flags%opt_inf,   iopt_rad=config_flags%opt_rad &
     &        ,iopt_alb=config_flags%opt_alb,   iopt_snf=config_flags%opt_snf &
     &        ,iopt_tbot=config_flags%opt_tbot, iopt_stc=config_flags%opt_stc & 
     &        ,iopt_gla=config_flags%opt_gla,   iopt_rsf=config_flags%opt_rsf & 
     &        , isnowxy=grid%isnowxy  ,    tvxy=grid%tvxy    ,    tgxy=grid%tgxy     &
     &        ,canicexy=grid%canicexy ,canliqxy=grid%canliqxy,   eahxy=grid%eahxy    &
     &        ,   tahxy=grid%tahxy    ,    cmxy=grid%cmxy    ,    chxy=grid%chxy     &
     &        ,  fwetxy=grid%fwetxy   ,sneqvoxy=grid%sneqvoxy,alboldxy=grid%alboldxy &
     &        , qsnowxy=grid%qsnowxy  ,wslakexy=grid%wslakexy,   zwtxy=grid%zwtxy    &
     &        ,    waxy=grid%waxy     ,    wtxy=grid%wtxy    ,  tsnoxy=grid%tsnoxy   &
     &        , zsnsoxy=grid%zsnsoxy  , snicexy=grid%snicexy , snliqxy=grid%snliqxy  &
     &        ,lfmassxy=grid%lfmassxy ,rtmassxy=grid%rtmassxy,stmassxy=grid%stmassxy &
     &        ,  woodxy=grid%woodxy   ,stblcpxy=grid%stblcpxy,fastcpxy=grid%fastcpxy &
     &        , grainxy=grid%grainxy  ,   gddxy=grid%gddxy   ,   pgsxy=grid%pgsxy    &
     &        , cropcat=grid%cropcat                                                 &
     &        ,planting=grid%planting , harvest=grid%harvest ,season_gdd=grid%season_gdd  &
     &        ,  xsaixy=grid%xsaixy   , taussxy=grid%taussxy                         &
     &        ,  t2mvxy=grid%t2mvxy   ,  t2mbxy=grid%t2mbxy                          &
     &        ,  q2mvxy=grid%q2mvxy   ,  q2mbxy=grid%q2mbxy                          & 
     &        ,  tradxy=grid%tradxy   ,   neexy=grid%neexy   ,   gppxy=grid%gppxy    &
     &        ,   nppxy=grid%nppxy    ,  fvegxy=grid%fvegxy  , runsfxy=grid%runsfxy  &
     &        , runsbxy=grid%runsbxy  ,  ecanxy=grid%ecanxy  ,  edirxy=grid%edirxy   &
     &        , etranxy=grid%etranxy  ,   fsaxy=grid%fsaxy   ,  firaxy=grid%firaxy   &
     &        ,  aparxy=grid%aparxy   ,   psnxy=grid%psnxy   ,   savxy=grid%savxy    &
     &        ,   sagxy=grid%sagxy    , rssunxy=grid%rssunxy , rsshaxy=grid%rsshaxy  &
     &        ,  bgapxy=grid%bgapxy   ,  wgapxy=grid%wgapxy  ,   tgvxy=grid%tgvxy    &
     &        ,   tgbxy=grid%tgbxy    ,   chvxy=grid%chvxy   ,   chbxy=grid%chbxy    &
     &        ,   shgxy=grid%shgxy    ,   shcxy=grid%shcxy   ,   shbxy=grid%shbxy    &
     &        ,   evgxy=grid%evgxy    ,   evbxy=grid%evbxy   ,   ghvxy=grid%ghvxy    &
     &        ,   ghbxy=grid%ghbxy    ,   irgxy=grid%irgxy   ,   ircxy=grid%ircxy    &
     &        ,   irbxy=grid%irbxy    ,    trxy=grid%trxy    ,   evcxy=grid%evcxy    &
     &        ,chleafxy=grid%chleafxy ,  chucxy=grid%chucxy                          &                       
     &        ,  chv2xy=grid%chv2xy   ,  chb2xy=grid%chb2xy , chstarxy=grid%chstarxy &                       
           !Optional hydro variables in NOAHMP
     &        ,smcwtdxy=grid%smcwtdxy ,rechxy=grid%rechxy ,deeprechxy=grid%deeprechxy &
     &        ,fdepthxy=grid%fdepthxy, areaxy=grid%areaxy, rivercondxy=grid%rivercondxy  &
     &        ,riverbedxy=grid%riverbedxy, eqzwt=grid%eqzwt, pexpxy=grid%pexpxy &
     &        ,qrfxy=grid%qrfxy, qspringxy=grid%qspringxy, qslatxy=grid%qslatxy, qrfsxy=grid%qrfsxy &
     &        ,qspringsxy=grid%qspringsxy, smoiseq=grid%smoiseq, wtddt=config_flags%wtddt, stepwtd=grid%stepwtd &
           ! Noah UA changes
     &        ,ua_phys=config_flags%ua_phys,flx4=grid%flx4,fvb=grid%fvb       &
     &        ,fbur=grid%fbur,fgsn=grid%fgsn                                  &
           ! Indexes
     &        ,IDS=ids,IDE=ide, JDS=jds,JDE=jde, KDS=kds,KDE=kde          &
     &        ,IMS=ims,IME=ime, JMS=jms,JME=jme, KMS=kms,KME=kme          &
     &        ,IPS=ips,IPE=ipe, JPS=jps,JPE=jpe, KPS=kps,KPE=kpe          &
     &        , I_START=grid%i_start,I_END=min(grid%i_end, ide-1)         &
     &        , J_START=grid%j_start,J_END=min(grid%j_end, jde-1)         &
     &        , KTS=k_start, KTE=min(k_end,kde-1)                         &
     &        , NUM_TILES=grid%num_tiles                                  &
          ! Variables required by TEMF PBL - WA 1/7/09
              ,te_temf=grid%te_temf,hd_temf=grid%hd_temf                  &
              ,fCor=grid%f,exch_temf=exch_temf,wm_temf=grid%wm_temf       &
          ! Variables required by IDEAL SCM sfc scheme - WA 1/6/10
              ,hfx_force=grid%hfx_force,lh_force=grid%lh_force            &
              ,tsk_force=grid%tsk_force                                   &
              ,hfx_force_tend=grid%hfx_force_tend                         &
              ,lh_force_tend=grid%lh_force_tend                           &
              ,tsk_force_tend=grid%tsk_force_tend                         &
           ! Optional
     &        ,QV_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QV), F_QV=F_QV                 &
     &        ,QC_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QC), F_QC=F_QC                 &
     &        ,QR_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QR), F_QR=F_QR                 &
     &        ,QI_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QI), F_QI=F_QI                 &
     &        ,QS_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QS), F_QS=F_QS                 &
     &        ,QG_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QG), F_QG=F_QG                 &
     &        ,CAPG=grid%capg, EMISS=grid%emiss, HOL=hol,MOL=grid%mol     &
     &        ,T2OBS=grid%t2obs, Q2OBS=grid%q2obs                         &
     &        ,RAINBL=grid%rainbl,SR=grid%sr,RAINSHV=grid%rainshv         &
     &        ,GRAUPELNCV=grid%graupelncv, HAILNCV=grid%hailncv           &
     &        ,RAINNCV=grid%rainncv,REGIME=grid%regime,T2=grid%t2,THC=grid%thc            &
     &        ,QSG=grid%qsg,QVG=grid%qvg,QCG=grid%qcg,SOILT1=grid%soilt1,TSNAV=grid%tsnav & ! ruc lsm
     &        ,SMFR3D=grid%smfr3d,KEEPFR3DFLAG=grid%keepfr3dflag,DEW=grid%dew             & ! ruc lsm
     &        ,POTEVP=grid%POTEVP, SNOPCX=grid%SNOPCX, SOILTB=grid%SOILTB                 & ! ruc lsm
     &        ,rhosnf=grid%rhosnf ,precipfr=grid%precipfr                 &   ! RUC LSM
     &        ,snowfallac=grid%snowfallac                                 &   ! RUC LSM
     &        ,MOSAIC_LU=config_flags%mosaic_lu                           & ! RUC LSM
     &        ,MOSAIC_SOIL=config_flags%mosaic_soil                       &   ! RUC LSM
     &        ,ISURBAN=isurban, MMINLU=TRIM(mminlu)                       &
     &        ,SNOTIME = grid%SNOTIME                                     &
     &        ,RDLAI2D=config_flags%rdlai2d                               &
     &        ,usemonalb=config_flags%usemonalb                           &
     &        ,NOAHRES=grid%noahres                                       &
     &        ,TSK_SAVE=grid%tsk_save                                     &
     &        ,ch=grid%ch,tsq=grid%tsq,qsq=grid%qsq,cov=grid%cov          & !MYNN - MP
     &        ,Sh3d=grid%sh3d,EL_PBL=grid%el_pbl                          & !JOE- MYNN cloudpdf
     &        ,bl_mynn_cloudpdf=config_flags%bl_mynn_cloudpdf             & !JOE- MYNN cloudpdf
     &        ,icloud_bl=config_flags%icloud_bl                           & !JOE- subgrid cloud
     &        ,qc_bl=grid%qc_bl,cldfra_bl=grid%cldfra_bl                  & !JOE- subgrid cloud
     &        ,fgdp=grid%fgdp,dfgdp=grid%dfgdp,vdfg=grid%vdfg             & !Katata - fogdes
     &        ,grav_settling=config_flags%grav_settling                   & !Katata - fogdes
     &        ,OM_TMP=grid%om_tmp, OM_S=grid%om_s, OM_U=grid%om_u, OM_V=grid%om_v   & !cyl:3DPWP
     &        ,OM_DEPTH=grid%om_depth, OM_ML=grid%OM_ML, OM_LON=grid%om_lon         & !cyl:3DPWP
     &        ,OM_LAT=grid%om_lat                                                  & !cy:3DPWP
     &        , okms = 1, okme=config_flags%ocean_levels                  & ! cyl:3DPWP
     &        ,rdx=grid%rdx, rdy=grid%rdy,msfu=grid%msfu,msfv=grid%msfv,msft=grid%msft &!cyl: 3DPWP
     &        ,XTIME=grid%xtime,OM_TINI=grid%om_tini,OM_SINI=grid%om_sini,id=grid%id,omdt=config_flags%omdt &!cyl: 3DPWP 
     &        ,sf_surface_mosaic=config_flags%sf_surface_mosaic,  mosaic_cat=config_flags%mosaic_cat    &
     &        ,mosaic_cat_index=grid%mosaic_cat_index                                                   &  !danli mosaic
     &        ,landusef2=grid%landusef2,TSK_mosaic=grid%TSK_mosaic,QSFC_mosaic=grid%QSFC_mosaic         &
     &        ,TSLB_mosaic=grid%TSLB_mosaic,SMOIS_mosaic=grid%SMOIS_mosaic,SH2O_mosaic=grid%SH2O_mosaic &  !danli mosaic
     &        ,CANWAT_mosaic=grid%CANWAT_mosaic,SNOW_mosaic=grid%SNOW_mosaic                            &
     &        ,SNOWH_mosaic=grid%SNOWH_mosaic,SNOWC_mosaic=grid%SNOWC_mosaic                            &  !danli mosaic
     &        ,ALBEDO_mosaic=grid%ALBEDO_mosaic,ALBBCK_mosaic=grid%ALBBCK_mosaic                        &
     &        ,EMISS_mosaic=grid%EMISS_mosaic, EMBCK_mosaic=grid%EMBCK_mosaic                           &
     &        ,ZNT_mosaic=grid%ZNT_mosaic, Z0_mosaic=grid%Z0_mosaic                                     &  !danli mosaic
     &        ,HFX_mosaic=grid%HFX_mosaic,QFX_mosaic=grid%QFX_mosaic, LH_mosaic=grid%LH_mosaic          &
     &        ,GRDFLX_mosaic=grid%GRDFLX_mosaic,SNOTIME_mosaic=grid%SNOTIME_mosaic                      &  !danli mosaic
     &        ,TR_URB2D_mosaic=grid%TR_URB2D_mosaic,TB_URB2D_mosaic=grid%TB_URB2D_mosaic                &  !danli mosaic 
     &        ,TG_URB2D_mosaic=grid%TG_URB2D_mosaic,TC_URB2D_mosaic=grid%TC_URB2D_mosaic                &  !danli mosaic 
     &        ,QC_URB2D_mosaic=grid%QC_URB2D_mosaic,UC_URB2D_mosaic=grid%UC_URB2D_mosaic                &  !danli mosaic
     &        ,TRL_URB3D_mosaic=grid%TRL_URB3D_mosaic,TBL_URB3D_mosaic=grid%TBL_URB3D_mosaic            &  !danli mosaic 
     &        ,TGL_URB3D_mosaic=grid%TGL_URB3D_mosaic                                                   &  !danli mosaic 
     &        ,SH_URB2D_mosaic=grid%SH_URB2D_mosaic,LH_URB2D_mosaic=grid%LH_URB2D_mosaic                &  !danli mosaic 
     &        ,G_URB2D_mosaic=grid%G_URB2D_mosaic,RN_URB2D_mosaic=grid%RN_URB2D_mosaic                  &  !danli mosaic 
     &        ,TS_URB2D_mosaic=grid%TS_URB2D_mosaic                                                     &  !danli mosaic 
     &        ,TS_RUL2D_mosaic=grid%TS_RUL2D_mosaic                                                     &  !danli mosaic
     &        ,ZOL=grid%ZOL                                                                             &
     &        ,SDA_HFX=grid%SDA_HFX, SDA_QFX=grid%SDA_QFX,HFX_BOTH=grid%HFX_BOTH                        &  !fasdas
     &        ,QFX_BOTH=grid%QFX_BOTH,QNORM=grid%QNORM,fasdas=config_flags%fasdas                       &  !fasdas
     &        ,spp_lsm=config_flags%spp_lsm,pattern_spp_lsm=grid%pattern_spp_lsm     & !SPP
     &        ,field_sf=grid%field_sf                                                & !SPP
     &        ,spp_pbl=config_flags%spp_pbl,pattern_spp_pbl=grid%pattern_spp_pbl     & !SPP
     &                                                           )

#ifdef WRF_HYDRO
        if(HYDRO_dt .gt. 1 ) call wrf_drv_HYDRO(HYDRO_dt, grid,  &
     &     grid%i_start(1),min(grid%i_end(1), ide-1),      &
     &     grid%j_start(1),min(grid%j_end(1), jde-1) )
#endif

BENCH_END(surf_driver_tim)

!*********
! pbl

      CALL wrf_debug ( 200 , ' call pbl_driver' )
BENCH_START(pbl_driver_tim)
      CALL pbl_driver(                                                              &
     &         AKHS=grid%akhs          ,AKMS=grid%akms                              &
     &        ,BL_PBL_PHYSICS=config_flags%bl_pbl_physics                           &
     &        ,WINDFARM_OPT=config_flags%windfarm_opt,power=grid%power              &
     &        ,BLDT=grid%bldt, CURR_SECS=curr_secs, ADAPT_STEP_FLAG=adapt_step_flag &
     &        ,BLDTACTTIME=grid%bldtacttime                               &  
     &        ,BR=grid%br         ,CHKLOWQ=chklowq    ,CT=grid%ct                   &
     &        ,DT=grid%dt         ,DX=grid%dx         ,DY=grid%dy                   &
     &        ,DZ8W=dz8w          &
     &        ,EXCH_H=grid%exch_h     ,EXCH_M=grid%exch_m                           &
     &        ,FM=grid%fm         ,FHH=grid%fh                                      &
     &        ,F=grid%f  ,GRDFLX=grid%grdflx      &
     &        ,GZ1OZ0=gz1oz0      ,HFX=grid%hfx            ,HT=grid%ht              &
     &        ,ID=grid%id         ,ITIMESTEP=grid%itimestep     ,KPBL=grid%kpbl          &
     &        ,LH=grid%lh              ,LOWLYR=grid%lowlyr      ,P8W=grid%p_hyd_w   &
     &        ,PBLH=grid%pblh          ,PI_PHY=pi_phy      ,PSIH=psih          &
     &        ,PSIM=psim          ,P_PHY=grid%p_hyd        ,QFX=grid%qfx            &
     &        ,QSFC=grid%qsfc          ,QZ0=grid%qz0  ,MIXHT=mixht                  &
     &        ,RA_LW_PHYSICS=config_flags%ra_lw_physics                   &
     &        ,RHO=grid%rho            ,RQCBLTEN=grid%rqcblten  ,RQIBLTEN=grid%rqiblten  &
     &        ,RQVBLTEN=grid%rqvblten  ,RTHBLTEN=grid%rthblten  ,RUBLTEN=grid%rublten    &
     &        ,RVBLTEN=grid%rvblten    ,SNOW=grid%snow          ,STEPBL=grid%stepbl      &
     &        ,THZ0=grid%thz0          ,TH_PHY=th_phy                               &
     &        ,TSK=grid%tsk            ,T_PHY=grid%t_phy        ,UST=grid%ust       &
     &        ,U10=grid%u10 ,UZ0=grid%uz0      ,U_FRAME=grid%u_frame    ,U_PHY=grid%u_phy   &
     &        ,V10=grid%v10 ,VZ0=grid%vz0      ,V_FRAME=grid%v_frame    ,V_PHY=grid%v_phy   &
     &        ,W=grid%w_2   ,UOCE=grid%uoce    ,VOCE=grid%voce                              &
              ,T2=grid%t2 &
     &        ,WARM_RAIN=grid%warm_rain                    ,WSPD=wspd          &
     &        ,XICE=grid%xice          ,XLAND=grid%xland        ,Z=grid%z                &
     &        ,ZNT=grid%znt                                                    &
     &        ,ysu_topdown_pblmix=config_flags%ysu_topdown_pblmix              &
     &        ,shinhong_tke_diag=config_flags%shinhong_tke_diag               &
! paj: topo_wind
     &        ,CTOPO=grid%ctopo,CTOPO2=grid%ctopo2                                   &
! variables added for BEP
     &          ,FRC_URB2D=grid%frc_urb2d                                                  &
     &          ,A_U_BEP=grid%a_u_bep,A_V_BEP=grid%a_v_bep,A_T_BEP=grid%a_t_bep          &
     &          ,A_Q_BEP=grid%a_q_bep                                                    &
     &          ,B_U_BEP=grid%b_u_bep,B_V_BEP=grid%b_v_bep,B_T_BEP=grid%b_t_bep          &
     &          ,B_Q_BEP=grid%b_q_bep                                                    &
     &          ,SF_BEP=grid%sf_bep,VL_BEP=grid%vl_bep                                   &
     &          ,A_E_BEP=grid%a_e_bep,B_E_BEP=grid%b_e_bep,DLG_BEP=grid%dlg_bep          &
     &          ,DL_U_BEP=grid%dl_u_bep                                                  &
     &          ,SF_SFCLAY_PHYSICS=config_flags%sf_sfclay_physics                        &
     &          ,SF_URBAN_PHYSICS=config_flags%sf_urban_physics                          &
! Bep changes end
! add tke_pbl, and turbulent fluxes
     &          ,TKE_PBL=grid%tke_pbl,EL_PBL=grid%el_pbl,WU_TUR=grid%wu_tur              &
     &          ,WV_tur=grid%wv_tur,WT_tur=grid%wt_tur,WQ_tur=grid%wq_tur                &
! end add tke_pbl, and turbulent fluxes
! GBMPBL change: add exch_tke, rthraten
     &        ,EXCH_TKE=grid%exch_tke, RTHRATEN=grid%rthraten             &
     &        ,IDS=ids,IDE=ide, JDS=jds,JDE=jde, KDS=kds,KDE=kde          &
     &        ,IMS=ims,IME=ime, JMS=jms,JME=jme, KMS=kms,KME=kme          &
     &        ,I_START=grid%i_start,I_END=min(grid%i_end, ide-1)          &
     &        ,J_START=grid%j_start,J_END=min(grid%j_end, jde-1)          &
     &        ,KTS=k_start, KTE=min(k_end,kde-1)                          &
     &        ,NUM_TILES=grid%num_tiles                                   &
          ! Variables Required by ACM PBL  - jp
     &        ,ZNU=grid%znu,ZNW=grid%znw,MUT=grid%mut,P_TOP=grid%p_top    &
          ! Variables required by TEMF PBL - WA 9/9/08
              ,te_temf=grid%te_temf                                 &
              ,kh_temf=grid%kh_temf,km_temf=grid%km_temf            &
              ,shf_temf=grid%shf_temf,qf_temf=grid%qf_temf          &
              ,uw_temf=grid%uw_temf,vw_temf=grid%vw_temf            &
              ,hd_temf=grid%hd_temf,lcl_temf=grid%lcl_temf          &
              ,wupd_temf=grid%wupd_temf,mf_temf=grid%mf_temf          &
              ,thup_temf=grid%thup_temf,qtup_temf=grid%qtup_temf          &
              ,qlup_temf=grid%qlup_temf          &
              ,cf3d_temf=grid%cf3d_temf,cfm_temf=grid%cfm_temf          &
              ,hct_temf=grid%hct_temf                               &
              ,flhc=grid%flhc,flqc=grid%flqc                        &
              ,exch_temf=exch_temf                      &
          ! optional
     &        ,QV_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QV), F_QV=F_QV                 &
     &        ,QC_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QC), F_QC=F_QC                 &
     &        ,QR_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QR), F_QR=F_QR                 &
     &        ,QI_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QI), F_QI=F_QI                 &
     &        ,QS_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QS), F_QS=F_QS                 &
     &        ,QG_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QG), F_QG=F_QG                 &
     &        ,HOL=HOL, MOL=grid%mol, REGIME=grid%REGIME                  &
!mynn mp@
     &        ,QKE=grid%qke, Sh3d=grid%sh3d                               &
     &        ,QKE_ADV=scalar(ims,kms,jms,P_qke_adv)                      & !ACF-QKE advection
     &        ,bl_mynn_tkeadvect=config_flags%bl_mynn_tkeadvect           & !ACF-QKE advection
     &        ,tsq=grid%tsq, qsq=grid%qsq, cov=grid%cov                   &
     &        ,DQKE=grid%dqke,QWT=grid%qWT                                &
     &        ,QSHEAR=grid%qSHEAR,QBUOY=grid%qBUOY,QDISS=grid%qDISS       &
     &        ,bl_mynn_tkebudget=config_flags%bl_mynn_tkebudget           &
     &        ,bl_mynn_cloudpdf=config_flags%bl_mynn_cloudpdf             &
     &        ,bl_mynn_mixlength=config_flags%bl_mynn_mixlength           &
     &        ,icloud_bl=config_flags%icloud_bl                           &
     &        ,qc_bl=grid%qc_bl,cldfra_bl=grid%cldfra_bl                  &
     &        ,bl_mynn_edmf=config_flags%bl_mynn_edmf                     &
     &        ,bl_mynn_edmf_mom=config_flags%bl_mynn_edmf_mom             &
     &        ,bl_mynn_edmf_tke=config_flags%bl_mynn_edmf_tke             &
     &        ,bl_mynn_edmf_part=config_flags%bl_mynn_edmf_part           &
     &        ,bl_mynn_cloudmix=config_flags%bl_mynn_cloudmix             &
     &        ,bl_mynn_mixqt=config_flags%bl_mynn_mixqt                   &
     &        ,edmf_a=grid%edmf_a,edmf_w=grid%edmf_w                      &
     &        ,edmf_thl=grid%edmf_thl,edmf_qt=grid%edmf_qt                &
     &        ,edmf_ent=grid%edmf_ent,edmf_qc=grid%edmf_qc                &
     &        ,rmol=grid%rmol, ch=grid%ch                                 &
     &        ,qcg=grid%qcg, grav_settling=config_flags%grav_settling     &
!    &        ,K_m=grid%K_m, K_h=grid%K_h, K_q=grid%K_q                   &
     &        ,vdfg=grid%vdfg                                             &
     &        ,spp_pbl=config_flags%spp_pbl                               & !SPP
     &        ,pattern_spp_pbl=grid%pattern_spp_pbl                       & !SPP
!GWD for ARW
     &        ,GWD_OPT=config_flags%gwd_opt &
     &        ,DTAUX3D=grid%dtaux3d,DTAUY3D=grid%dtauy3d &
     &        ,DUSFCG=grid%dusfcg,DVSFCG=grid%dvsfcg &
     &        ,VAR2D=grid%var2d,OC12D=grid%oc12d     &
     &        ,OA1=grid%oa1,OA2=grid%oa2,OA3=grid%oa3,OA4=grid%oa4        &
     &        ,OL1=grid%ol1,OL2=grid%ol2,OL3=grid%ol3,OL4=grid%ol4        &
     &        ,MFSHCONV=config_flags%mfshconv                             &
     &        ,MASSFLUX_EDKF=grid%massflux_EDKF                           & 
     &        ,ENTR_EDKF=grid%entr_EDKF, DETR_EDKF=grid%detr_EDKF         &
     &        ,THL_UP=grid%thl_up                                         &
     &        ,THV_UP=grid%thv_up, RT_UP=grid%rt_up ,RV_UP=grid%rv_up     &
     &        ,RC_UP=grid%rc_up, U_UP=grid% u_up, V_UP=grid%v_up          &
     &        ,FRAC_UP=grid%frac_up, RC_MF=grid%RC_MF                     &
! For Wind Turbine Drag Parameterizations
     &        ,phb=grid%phb                                               &
     &        ,XLAT_U=grid%xlat_u,XLONG_U=grid%xlong_u                    &
!Variables required for camuwpbl scheme
     &        ,Z_AT_W=grid%z_at_w,CLDFRA_OLD_MP=grid%cldfra_old_mp        &
     &        ,CLDFRA=grid%cldfra                                        &
     &        ,RTHRATENLW=grid%rthratenlw,TAURESX2D=grid%tauresx2d        &
     &        ,TAURESY2D=grid%tauresy2d                                   &
     &        ,TPERT2D=grid%tpert2d,QPERT2D=grid%qpert2d                  &
     &        ,WPERT2D=grid%wpert2d,WSEDL3D=grid%wsedl3d                  &
     &        ,TURBTYPE3D=grid%turbtype3d,SMAW3D=grid%smaw3d              &
     &        ,QNC_CURR=scalar(ims,kms,jms,P_QNC), F_QNC=f_qnc            &
     &        ,QNI_CURR=scalar(ims,kms,jms,P_QNI), F_QNI=f_qni            &
     &        ,RQNIBLTEN=grid%rqniblten                                   &
     &        ,XLAT_V=grid%xlat_v,XLONG_V=grid%xlong_v,FNM=grid%fnm       &
     &        ,FNP=grid%fnp, IS_CAMMGMP_USED = grid%is_CAMMGMP_used       &
! for grims shallow convection with ysupbl
     &        ,WSTAR=grid%wstar_ysu,DELTA=grid%delta_ysu                  &
! for pbl mixing of scalars and tracers
     &        ,SCALAR=scalar,SCALAR_TEND=scalar_tend,NUM_SCALAR=num_scalar&
     &        ,TRACER=tracer,TRACER_TEND=tracer_tend,NUM_TRACER=num_tracer&
     &        ,SCALAR_PBLMIX=config_flags%scalar_pblmix                  &
     &        ,TRACER_PBLMIX=config_flags%tracer_pblmix                  &
#if (WRF_CHEM == 1)
     &        ,CHEM=chem,VD=grid%dep_vel                                 &
     &        ,NCHEM=num_chem,kdvel=config_flags%kdepvel                 &
     &        ,ndvel=config_flags%ndepvel                                &
     &        ,NUM_VERT_MIX=grid%num_vert_mix                            &
#endif
     &        ,QNORM=grid%QNORM, fasdas=config_flags%fasdas              & !fasdas
     &        ,LANDUSEF=grid%landusef, NLCAT=grid%num_land_cat           & !add LANDUSEF 1222 Dhy
     &        ,LU_INDEX=grid%lu_index                                    ) !add LANDUSEF 200201 Dhy

#if (WRF_CHEM == 1)
#ifdef DM_PARALLEL
     IF ( num_chem >= PARAM_FIRST_SCALAR .AND. (config_flags%bl_pbl_physics == &
     & mynnpblscheme2 .OR. config_flags%bl_pbl_physics == mynnpblscheme3)  ) then
         CALL wrf_debug ( 200 , ' call HALO CHEM AFTER PBL' )
         IF      ( config_flags%h_sca_adv_order <= 4 ) THEN
#      include "HALO_EM_CHEM_E_3.inc"
         ELSE IF ( config_flags%h_sca_adv_order <= 6 ) THEN
#      include "HALO_EM_CHEM_E_5.inc"
         ELSE
              WRITE(message,*)'solve_em: invalid h_mom_adv_order = ',&
              & config_flags%h_mom_adv_order
        ENDIF
     ENDIF
#endif
#endif

BENCH_END(pbl_driver_tim)

!*****
! fire 

! Jan Mandel's call to SFIRE

      IF ((grid%sr_x > 0 .OR. grid%sr_y > 0) .AND. config_flags%ifire == 2) THEN

BENCH_START(fire_driver_tim)
        if(config_flags%ifire.eq.2)then 
            ! initialization moved to start_em:start_domain_em
!            if(grid%initestep.eq.1) &
!            call fire_driver_em_init (  grid , config_flags    &
!            ,ids,ide, kds,kde, jds,jde                              &
!            ,ims,ime, kms,kme, jms,jme                              &
!            ,ips,ipe, kps,kpe, jps,jpe  )
            ! one timestep of the fire model
            call fire_driver_em_step (  grid , config_flags    &
            ,ids,ide, kds,kde, jds,jde                              &
            ,ims,ime, kms,kme, jms,jme                              &
            ,ips,ipe, kps,kpe, jps,jpe                              &
            ,grid%rho,grid%z_at_w,dz8w)
        endif

BENCH_END(fire_driver_tim)
       ENDIF


! cumulus para.

      CALL wrf_debug ( 200 , ' call cumulus_driver' )

#if ( WRF_DFI_RADAR == 1 )
      do_capsupress=0
         if(grid%dfi_stage == DFI_FWD ) do_capsupress=1
         if(grid%itimestep <= 31 .and. grid%dfi_stage == DFI_FST ) do_capsupress=1
#endif

BENCH_START(cu_driver_tim)
      CALL cumulus_driver(grid                                             &
                 ! Prognostic variables
     &             ,U=grid%u_phy   ,V=grid%v_phy   ,TH=th_phy  ,T=grid%t_phy                  &
     &             ,W=grid%w_2     ,P=grid%p_hyd   ,PI=pi_phy  ,RHO=grid%rho             &
                 ! Other arguments
     &             ,ITIMESTEP=grid%itimestep ,DT=grid%dt      ,DX=grid%dx              &
     &             ,CUDT=grid%cudt,CURR_SECS=curr_secs,ADAPT_STEP_FLAG=adapt_step_flag &
     &             ,CUDTACTTIME=grid%cudtacttime                                       & 
     &             ,RAINC=grid%rainc   ,RAINCV=grid%raincv   ,PRATEC=grid%pratec       &
     &             ,NCA=grid%nca                                                       &
     &             ,CLDFRA_DP=grid%cldfra_dp  ,CLDFRA_SH=grid%cldfra_sh,W_UP=grid%w_up & ! ckay for subgrid cloud
     &             ,QC_CU=grid%QC_CU ,QI_CU=grid%QI_CU                                 &
     &             ,UDR_KF=grid%udr_kf,DDR_KF=grid%ddr_kf                              & ! kf_edrates
     &             ,UER_KF=grid%uer_kf,DER_KF=grid%der_kf,TIMEC_KF=grid%timec_kf       &
     &             ,KF_EDRATES=config_flags%kf_edrates                                 &
     &             ,HTOP=grid%cutop     ,HBOT=grid%cubot       ,KPBL=grid%kpbl         &
     &             ,Z=grid%z ,Z_AT_W=grid%z_at_w ,MAVAIL=grid%mavail ,PBLH=grid%pblh   &
     &             ,DZ8W=dz8w     ,P8W=grid%p_hyd_w, PSFC=grid%psfc, TSK=grid%tsk      &
     &             ,TKE_PBL=grid%tke_pbl, UST=grid%ust                                 &
     &             ,W0AVG=grid%w0avg   ,STEPCU=grid%stepcu                             &
     &             ,CLDEFI=grid%cldefi ,LOWLYR=grid%lowlyr ,XLAND=grid%xland           &
     &             ,APR_GR=grid%apr_gr ,APR_W=grid%apr_w   ,APR_MC=grid%apr_mc         &
     &             ,APR_ST=grid%apr_st ,APR_AS=grid%apr_as ,APR_CAPMA=grid%apr_capma   &
     &             ,APR_CAPME=grid%apr_capme          ,APR_CAPMI=grid%apr_capmi     &
     &             ,MASS_FLUX=grid%mass_flux          ,XF_ENS=grid%xf_ens           &
     &             ,PR_ENS=grid%pr_ens ,HT=grid%ht,EDT_OUT=grid%edt_out             &
     &             ,imomentum=grid%imomentum,clos_choice=grid%clos_choice           &
     &             ,ishallow=config_flags%ishallow                                  &
     &             ,cugd_tten=grid%cugd_tten,cugd_qvten=grid%cugd_qvten,cugd_qcten=grid%cugd_qcten   &
     &             ,cugd_ttens=grid%cugd_ttens,cugd_qvtens=grid%cugd_qvtens   &
     &             ,ENSDIM=config_flags%ensdim ,MAXIENS=config_flags%maxiens ,MAXENS=config_flags%maxens         &
     &             ,MAXENS2=config_flags%maxens2 ,MAXENS3=config_flags%maxens3       &
     &             ,CU_ACT_FLAG=cu_act_flag   ,WARM_RAIN=grid%warm_rain   &
     &             ,HFX=grid%hfx, QFX=grid%qfx                            &
     &             ,CLDFRA=grid%cldfra,CLDFRA_MP_ALL=grid%cldfra_mp_all  &
     &             ,TPERT2D=grid%tpert2d                                 &
     &             ,GSW=grid%gsw,cugd_avedx=config_flags%cugd_avedx       &
     !BSINGH - For WRFCuP scheme
     &             ,AKPBL=grid%akpbl,BR=grid%br, REGIME=grid%regime, T2=grid%t2, Q2=grid%q2   & !CuP, wig 3-Aug-2006
     &             ,SLOPESFC=grid%slopeSfc, SLOPEEZ=grid%slopeEZ                    & !CuP, wig 7-Aug-2006
     &             ,SIGMASFC=grid%sigmaSfc, SIGMAEZ=grid%sigmaEZ                    & !CuP, wig 7-Aug-2006
     &             ,CUPFLAG=grid%cupflag                                       & !CuP, wig 9-Oct-2006
     &             ,CLDFRA_CUP=grid%cldfra_cup, CLDFRATEND_CUP=grid%cldfratend_cup  & !CuP, wig 18-Sep-2006
     &             ,SHALL=grid%shall, TAUCLOUD=grid%taucloud, TACTIVE=grid%tactive       & !CuP, wig 18-Sep-2006
     &             ,TSTAR=grid%tstar, LNTERMS=grid%lnterms, LNINT=grid%lnint             & !CuP, wig 4-Oct-2006
     &             ,ACTIVEFRAC=grid%activeFrac                                 & !CuP, lkb
     &             ,NUMBINS=config_flags%numBins                               & !CuP, wig
     &             ,THBINSIZE=config_flags%thBinSize                           & !CuP, wig
     &             ,RBINSIZE=config_flags%rBinSize                             & !CuP, wig
     &             ,MINDEEPFREQ=config_flags%minDeepFreq                       & !CuP, wig
     &             ,MINSHALLOWFREQ=config_flags%minShallowFreq                 & !CuP, wig
     &             ,WCLOUDBASE=grid%wCloudBase                                 & !CuP, lkb
     &             ,WACT_CUP=grid%wact_cup                                     & !CuP, rce 25-aug-2011
     &             ,WULCL_CUP=grid%wulcl_cup                                   & !CuP, rce 23-jan-2012
     &             ,WUP_CUP=grid%wup_cup                                       & !CuP, rce 15-mar-2013 !BSINGH(12/05/2013)
     &             ,QC_IC_CUP=grid%qc_ic_cup                                   & !CuP, rce 29-aug-2011
     &             ,QNDROP_IC_CUP=grid%qndrop_ic_cup                           & !CuP, rce 29-aug-2011
     &             ,QC_IU_CUP=grid%qc_iu_cup                                   & !CuP, rce 08-feb-2012
     &             ,FCVT_QC_TO_PR_CUP=grid%fcvt_qc_to_pr_cup                   & !CuP, rce 12-apr-2012
     &             ,FCVT_QC_TO_QI_CUP=grid%fcvt_qc_to_qi_cup                   & !CuP, rce 12-apr-2012
     &             ,FCVT_QI_TO_PR_CUP=grid%fcvt_qi_to_pr_cup                   & !CuP, rce 12-apr-2012
     &             ,MFUP_CUP=grid%mfup_cup                                     & !CuP, rce 23-jan-2012
     &             ,MFUP_ENT_CUP=grid%mfup_ent_cup                             & !CuP, rce 23-jan-2012
     &             ,MFDN_CUP=grid%mfdn_cup                                     & !CuP, rce 12-apr-2012
     &             ,MFDN_ENT_CUP=grid%mfdn_ent_cup                             & !CuP, rce 12-apr-2012
     &             ,UPDFRA_CUP=grid%updfra_cup                                 & !CuP, rce 23-jan-2012
     &             ,TCLOUD_CUP=grid%tcloud_cup                                 & !CuP, rce 06-feb-2012
     !BSINGH -ENDS
     &             ,k22_shallow=grid%k22_shallow,kbcon_shallow=grid%kbcon_shallow &
     &             ,ktop_shallow=grid%ktop_shallow,xmb_shallow=grid%xmb_shallow   &
     &             ,ktop_deep=grid%ktop_deep                              &
     &             ,PERIODIC_X=(config_flags%polar .OR. config_flags%periodic_x)  &
     &             ,PERIODIC_Y=config_flags%periodic_y                    &
     &             ,IS_CAMMGMP_USED = grid%is_CAMMGMP_used  & !BSINGH - TKE at the interfaces for Zhang-McFarlane Scheme 
                 ! Zhang-McFarlane outputs
     &             ,EVAPCDP3D=grid%evapcdp3d, ICWMRDP3D=grid%icwmrdp3d    & !Balwinder.Singh@pnnl.gov: For CAM's wetscavenging
     &             ,RPRDDP3D=grid%rprddp3d                                & 
     &             ,CAPE=grid%cape ,ZMMU=grid%zmmu ,ZMMD=grid%zmmd        &
     &             ,ZMDT=grid%zmdt ,ZMDQ=grid%zmdq                        &
     &             ,DLF=grid%dlf, RLIQ=grid%rliq                          &
     &             ,PCONVB=grid%pconvb, PCONVT=grid%pconvt                &
     &             ,EVAPTZM=grid%evaptzm, FZSNTZM=grid%fzsntzm, EVSNTZM=grid%evsntzm     &
     &             ,EVAPQZM=grid%evapqzm, ZMFLXPRC=grid%zmflxprc          &
     &             ,ZMFLXSNW=grid%zmflxsnw, ZMNTPRPD=grid%zmntprpd        &
     &             ,ZMNTSNPD=grid%zmntsnpd, ZMEIHEAT=grid%zmeiheat        &
     &             ,CMFMC=grid%cmfmc, CMFMCDZM=grid%cmfmcdzm              &
     &             ,PRECCDZM=grid%preccdzm, PRECZ=grid%precz              &
     &             ,ZMMTU=grid%zmmtu, ZMMTV=grid%zmmtv  &
     &             ,ZMUPGU=grid%zmupgu, ZMUPGD=grid%zmupgd                &
     &             ,ZMVPGU=grid%zmvpgu, ZMVPGD=grid%zmvpgd                &
     &             ,ZMICUU=grid%zmicuu, ZMICUD=grid%zmicud                &
     &             ,ZMICVU=grid%zmicvu, ZMICVD=grid%zmicvd                &
     &             ,ZMDICE=grid%zmdice, ZMDLIQ=grid%zmdliq                &
     &             ,dp3d=grid%dp3d, du3d=grid%du3d, ed3d=grid%ed3d        &
     &             ,eu3d=grid%eu3d, md3d=grid%md3d, mu3d=grid%mu3d        &
     &             ,dsubcld2d=grid%dsubcld2d,ideep2d=grid%ideep2d         &
     &             ,jt2d=grid%jt2d,maxg2d=grid%maxg2d                     &
     &             ,lengath2d=grid%lengath2d                              &
                 ! Selection flag
     &             ,pgcon=config_flags%sas_pgcon                          &
     &             ,CU_PHYSICS=config_flags%cu_physics                    &
     &             ,BL_PBL_PHYSICS=config_flags%bl_pbl_physics            &
     &             ,SF_SFCLAY_PHYSICS=config_flags%sf_sfclay_physics      &
     !BSINGH - For WRFCuP scheme
     &             ,SHCU_AEROSOLS_OPT=config_flags%shcu_aerosols_opt           & !CuP, rce 22-aug-2011
     !BSINGH -ENDS
     &             ,KFETA_TRIGGER=config_flags%kfeta_trigger              &
     &             ,NSAS_DX_FACTOR=config_flags%nsas_dx_factor            &
                 ! Dimension arguments
     &             ,IDS=ids,IDE=ide, JDS=jds,JDE=jde, KDS=kds,KDE=kde     &
     &             ,IMS=ims,IME=ime, JMS=jms,JME=jme, KMS=kms,KME=kme     &
     &             ,IPS=ips,IPE=ipe, JPS=jps,JPE=jpe, KPS=kps,KPE=kpe     &
     &             ,I_START=grid%i_start,I_END=min(grid%i_end, ide-1)     &
     &             ,J_START=grid%j_start,J_END=min(grid%j_end, jde-1)     &
     &             ,KTS=k_start, KTE=min(k_end,kde-1)                     &
     &             ,NUM_TILES=grid%num_tiles                              &
                 ! Moisture tendency arguments
     &             ,RQVCUTEN=grid%rqvcuten , RQCCUTEN=grid%rqccuten       &
     &             ,RQSCUTEN=grid%rqscuten , RQICUTEN=grid%rqicuten       &
     &             ,RQRCUTEN=grid%rqrcuten , RQCNCUTEN=grid%rqcncuten     &
     &             ,RQINCUTEN=grid%rqincuten                              &
     &             ,RQVBLTEN=grid%rqvblten , RQVFTEN=grid%rqvften         &
                 ! Other tendency arguments
     &             ,RTHRATEN=grid%rthraten , RTHBLTEN=grid%rthblten       &
     &             ,RUCUTEN=grid%rucuten   , RVCUTEN=grid%rvcuten         &
     &             ,RTHCUTEN=grid%rthcuten , RTHFTEN=grid%rthften         &
                 ! Moisture tracer arguments
     &             ,QV_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QV), F_QV=F_QV            &
     &             ,QC_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QC), F_QC=F_QC            &
     &             ,QR_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QR), F_QR=F_QR            &
     &             ,QI_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QI), F_QI=F_QI            &
     &             ,QS_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QS), F_QS=F_QS            &
     &             ,QG_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QG), F_QG=F_QG            &
     &             ,ZOL=grid%ZOL,WSTAR=grid%wstar_ysu                     & !ckay
! Variables for Tiedtke and NSAS schemes
     &             ,ZNU=grid%znu                                          &
     &             ,MP_PHYSICS=config_flags%mp_physics                    &
     &             ,GD_CLOUD=grid%GD_CLOUD,GD_CLOUD2=grid%GD_CLOUD2       &
#if (WRF_CHEM == 1)
     &             ,CHEM_OPT=config_flags%chem_opt                             & !CuP, rce 22-aug-2011 !BSINGH - For WRFCuP scheme
#endif

#if ( WRF_DFI_RADAR == 1 )
     &             ,DO_CAPSUPPRESS=do_capsupress                          &
#endif
     &             ,cfu1=grid%cfu1,cfd1=grid%cfd1,dfu1=grid%dfu1,efu1=grid%efu1,dfd1=grid%dfd1,efd1=grid%efd1,f_flux=l_flux)
BENCH_END(cu_driver_tim)
!
! this for calculating (G3 scheme only)  time averaged variables for online (WRF-CHem) or offline (other models) chem runs
!
     if(config_flags%cu_diag.eq.1)then
      !$OMP PARALLEL DO   &
      !$OMP PRIVATE ( ij )
      DO ij = 1 , grid%num_tiles
           call convtrans_prep(grid%gd_cloud,grid%gd_cloud2,grid%gd_cloud_a,&
     &          grid%QC_CU,grid%raincv,grid%raincv_a,grid%raincv_b,     &
     &          grid%gd_cldfr,moist,p_QV,p_QC,p_qi,T_PHY,P_PHY,num_moist,    &
     &          grid%gd_cloud2_a,grid%QI_CU,grid%convtrans_avglen_m,&
     &          adapt_step_flag,curr_secs,                &
     &          grid%itimestep,grid%dt,                                      &
     &          config_flags%cu_physics,                                     &
     &          ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde,                                   &
     &          ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme                                    &
     &          ,ITS=grid%i_start(ij),ITE=min(grid%i_end(ij), ide-1)                 &
     &          ,JTS=grid%j_start(ij),JTE=min(grid%j_end(ij), jde-1)                 &
     &          ,KTS=k_start, KTE=min(k_end,kde-1))
      ENDDO
      !$OMP END PARALLEL DO
     endif

! shallow cumulus parameterization
      CALL wrf_debug ( 200 , ' call shallow_cumulus_driver' )

BENCH_START(shcu_driver_tim)
      CALL shallowcu_driver(                                              &
     &              IDS=ids,IDE=ide, JDS=jds,JDE=jde, KDS=kds,KDE=kde     &
     &             ,IMS=ims,IME=ime, JMS=jms,JME=jme, KMS=kms,KME=kme     &
     &             ,IPS=ips,IPE=ipe, JPS=jps,JPE=jpe, KPS=kps,KPE=kpe     &
     &             ,I_START=grid%i_start, I_END=min(grid%i_end, ide-1)    &
     &             ,J_START=grid%j_start, J_END=min(grid%j_end, jde-1)    &
     &             ,KTS=k_start, KTE=min(k_end, kde-1)                    &
     &             ,NUM_TILES=grid%num_tiles                              &
     &             ,U=grid%u_phy, V=grid%v_phy, TH=th_phy, T=t_phy        &
     &             ,P=grid%p_hyd, PI=pi_phy, RHO=grid%rho, MOIST=moist    &
     &             ,NUM_MOIST=num_moist                                   &
     &             ,ITIMESTEP=grid%itimestep, DT=grid%dt, DX=grid%dx      &
     &             ,CUDT=grid%cudt                                        &
     &             ,CURR_SECS=curr_secs, ADAPT_STEP_FLAG=adapt_step_flag  &
     &             ,RAINSH=grid%rainsh, PRATESH=grid%pratesh, NCA=grid%nca&
     &             ,RAINSHV=grid%rainshv                                  &
     &             ,Z=grid%z, Z_AT_W=grid%z_at_w, DZ8W=dz8w               &
     &             ,MAVAIL=grid%mavail, PBLH=grid%pblh, P8W=grid%p_hyd_w  &
     &             ,TKE_PBL=grid%tke_pbl                                  &
     &             ,CLDFRA=grid%cldfra, CLDFRA_OLD=grid%cldfra_old        &
     &             ,CLDFRA_OLD_MP=grid%cldfra_old_mp                      &
     &             ,CLDFRA_CONV=grid%cldfra_conv                          &
     &             ,CLDFRASH=grid%cldfrash, HTOP=grid%htop, HBOT=grid%hbot&
     &             ,SHCU_PHYSICS=grid%shcu_physics                        &
     &             ,QV_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QV)                       &
     &             ,QC_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QC)                       &
     &             ,QR_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QR)                       &
     &             ,QI_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QI)                       &
     &             ,QS_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QS)                       &
     &             ,QG_CURR=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QG)                       &
     &             ,QNC_CURR=scalar(ims,kms,jms,P_QNC)                    & !BSINGH - Neede for UWSHCU scheme
     &             ,QNI_CURR=scalar(ims,kms,jms,P_QNI)                    & !BSINGH - Neede for UWSHCU schem 
#if (WRF_CHEM == 1)
     &             ,CHEM=chem,chem_opt=config_flags%chem_opt              &
#endif
     &             ,DLF=grid%dlf, RLIQ=grid%rliq, RLIQ2=grid%rliq2        &
     &             ,DLF2=grid%dlf2                                        & ! Required for CAMMGMP microphysics scheme
     &             ,CMFMC=grid%cmfmc, CMFMC2=grid%cmfmc2                  &
     &             ,CUSH=grid%cush, SNOWSH=grid%snowsh                    &
     &             ,ICWMRSH=grid%icwmrsh, RPRDSH=grid%rprdsh              &
     &             ,CBMF=grid%cbmf_cu, CMFSL=grid%cmfsl, CMFLQ=grid%cmflq &
     &             ,EVAPCSH=grid%evapcsh                                  &
     &             ,RQVSHTEN=grid%rqvshten, RQCSHTEN=grid%rqcshten        &
     &             ,RQRSHTEN=grid%rqrshten, RQISHTEN=grid%rqishten        &
     &             ,RQSSHTEN=grid%rqsshten, RQGSHTEN=grid%rqgshten        &
     &             ,RQCNSHTEN=grid%rqcnshten, RQINSHTEN=grid%rqinshten    &  
     &             ,RQVBLTEN=grid%rqvblten, RQVFTEN=grid%rqvften          &
     &             ,RUSHTEN=grid%rushten, RVSHTEN=grid%rvshten            &
     &             ,RTHSHTEN=grid%rthshten, RTHRATEN=grid%rthraten        &
     &             ,RTHBLTEN=grid%rthblten, RTHFTEN=grid%rthften          &
     &             ,F_QV=f_qv,F_QC=f_qc,F_QR=f_qr                         &
     &             ,F_QI=f_qi,F_QS=f_qs,F_QG=f_qg                         &
     &             ,HT=grid%ht                                            &
     &             ,SHFRC3D=grid%shfrc3d                                  & !Balwinder.Singh@pnnl.gov: For CAM's wetscavenging
     &             ,IS_CAMMGMP_USED = grid%is_CAMMGMP_used                &
     &             ,WSTAR=grid%wstar_ysu,DELTA=grid%delta_ysu             &
     &             ,KPBL=grid%kpbl,ZNU=grid%znu                           &
     &             ,RAINCV=grid%raincv                                    &
     &                                                                    )

#if (WRF_CHEM == 1)
#ifdef DM_PARALLEL
      IF( config_flags%shcu_physics == CAMUWSHCUSCHEME ) THEN
         CALL wrf_debug ( 200 , ' call HALO CHEM AFTER SHALLOW CUMULUS' )
         IF      ( config_flags%h_mom_adv_order <= 4 ) THEN
#      include "HALO_EM_CHEM_E_3.inc"
         ELSE IF ( config_flags%h_mom_adv_order <= 6 ) THEN
#      include "HALO_EM_CHEM_E_5.inc"
         ELSE
            WRITE(message,*)'module_first_rk_step_part1: invalid h_mom_adv_order = ',config_flags%h_mom_adv_order
            CALL wrf_error_fatal(TRIM(message))
         ENDIF
      ENDIF
#endif
#endif
BENCH_END(shcu_driver_tim)

! JPH call force_scm to update bl tendencies
      CALL force_scm(itimestep=grid%itimestep,dt=grid%dt                  &
     &             ,scm_force=config_flags%scm_force                      &
     &             ,dx=config_flags%scm_force_dx                          &
     &             ,num_force_layers=grid%num_force_layers                &
     &             ,scm_th_adv=config_flags%scm_th_adv                    &
     &             ,scm_qv_adv=config_flags%scm_qv_adv                    &
     &             ,scm_ql_adv=config_flags%scm_ql_adv                    &
     &             ,scm_wind_adv=config_flags%scm_wind_adv                &
     &             ,scm_vert_adv=config_flags%scm_vert_adv                &
     &             ,scm_th_t_tend=config_flags%scm_th_t_tend              &
     &             ,scm_qv_t_tend=config_flags%scm_qv_t_tend              &
     &             ,scm_soilT_force=config_flags%scm_soilT_force          &
     &             ,scm_soilQ_force=config_flags%scm_soilQ_force          &
     &      ,scm_force_th_largescale=config_flags%scm_force_th_largescale &
     &      ,scm_force_qv_largescale=config_flags%scm_force_qv_largescale &
     &      ,scm_force_ql_largescale=config_flags%scm_force_ql_largescale &
     &      ,scm_force_wind_largescale=config_flags%scm_force_wind_largescale &
     &             ,u_base=grid%u_base,v_base=grid%v_base                 &
     &             ,z_base=grid%z_base                                    &
     &             ,z_force=grid%z_force,z_force_tend=grid%z_force_tend   &
     &             ,u_g=grid%u_g,v_g=grid%v_g                             &
     &             ,u_g_tend=grid%u_g_tend,v_g_tend=grid%v_g_tend         &
     &             ,w_subs=grid%w_subs, w_subs_tend=grid%w_subs_tend      &
     &             ,th_upstream_x=grid%th_upstream_x                      &
     &             ,th_upstream_x_tend=grid%th_upstream_x_tend            &
     &             ,th_upstream_y=grid%th_upstream_y                      &
     &             ,th_upstream_y_tend=grid%th_upstream_y_tend            &
     &             ,qv_upstream_x=grid%qv_upstream_x                      &
     &             ,qv_upstream_x_tend=grid%qv_upstream_x_tend            &
     &             ,qv_upstream_y=grid%qv_upstream_y                      &
     &             ,qv_upstream_y_tend=grid%qv_upstream_y_tend            &
     &             ,ql_upstream_x=grid%ql_upstream_x                      &
     &             ,ql_upstream_x_tend=grid%ql_upstream_x_tend            &
     &             ,ql_upstream_y=grid%ql_upstream_y                      &
     &             ,ql_upstream_y_tend=grid%ql_upstream_y_tend            &
     &             ,u_upstream_x=grid%u_upstream_x                        &
     &             ,u_upstream_x_tend=grid%u_upstream_x_tend              &
     &             ,u_upstream_y=grid%u_upstream_y                        &
     &             ,u_upstream_y_tend=grid%u_upstream_y_tend              &
     &             ,v_upstream_x=grid%v_upstream_x                        &
     &             ,v_upstream_x_tend=grid%v_upstream_x_tend              &
     &             ,v_upstream_y=grid%v_upstream_y                        &
     &             ,v_upstream_y_tend=grid%v_upstream_y_tend              &
     &             ,th_t_tend=grid%th_t_tend                              &
     &             ,qv_t_tend=grid%qv_t_tend                              &
     &             ,tau_x=grid%tau_x                                      &
     &             ,tau_x_tend=grid%tau_x_tend                            &
     &             ,tau_y=grid%tau_y                                      &
     &             ,tau_y_tend=grid%tau_y_tend                            &
     &             ,th_largescale=grid%th_largescale                      &
     &             ,th_largescale_tend=grid%th_largescale_tend            &
     &             ,qv_largescale=grid%qv_largescale                      &
     &             ,qv_largescale_tend=grid%qv_largescale_tend            &
     &             ,ql_largescale=grid%ql_largescale                      &
     &             ,ql_largescale_tend=grid%ql_largescale_tend            &
     &             ,u_largescale=grid%u_largescale                      &
     &             ,u_largescale_tend=grid%u_largescale_tend            &
     &             ,v_largescale=grid%v_largescale                      &
     &             ,v_largescale_tend=grid%v_largescale_tend            &
     &             ,tau_largescale=grid%tau_largescale                    &
     &             ,tau_largescale_tend=grid%tau_largescale_tend          &
     &             ,num_force_soil_layers=config_flags%num_force_soil_layers &
     &             ,num_soil_layers=config_flags%num_soil_layers          &
     &             ,soil_depth_force=grid%soil_depth_force                &
     &             ,zs=grid%zs                                            &
     &             ,tslb=grid%tslb,smois=grid%smois                       &
     &             ,t_soil_forcing_val=grid%t_soil_forcing_val            &
     &             ,t_soil_forcing_tend=grid%t_soil_forcing_tend          &
     &             ,q_soil_forcing_val=grid%q_soil_forcing_val            &
     &             ,q_soil_forcing_tend=grid%q_soil_forcing_tend          &
     &             ,tau_soil=grid%tau_soil                                &
     &             ,z=grid%z,z_at_w=grid%z_at_w                           &
     &             ,th=th_phy, qv=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QV)                 &
     &             ,ql=moist(ims,kms,jms,P_QC)                            &
     &             ,u=grid%u_phy, v=grid%v_phy                                      &
     &             ,thten=grid%rthblten, qvten=grid%rqvblten              &
     &             ,qlten=grid%rqcblten                                   &
     &             ,uten=grid%rublten, vten=grid%rvblten                  &
     &             ,IDS=ids,IDE=ide, JDS=jds,JDE=jde, KDS=kds,KDE=kde     &
     &             ,IMS=ims,IME=ime, JMS=jms,JME=jme, KMS=kms,KME=kme     &
     &             ,IPS=ips,IPE=ipe, JPS=jps,JPE=jpe, KPS=kps,KPE=kpe     &
     &             ,KTS=k_start, KTE=min(k_end,kde-1)                     &
     &              )

#ifdef DM_PARALLEL
#     include "HALO_EM_FDDA_SFC.inc"
#endif
      CALL wrf_debug ( 200 , ' call fddagd_driver' )

BENCH_START(fdda_driver_tim)
      CALL fddagd_driver(itimestep=grid%itimestep,dt=grid%dt,xtime=grid%XTIME,      &
                  id=grid%id,                                                       &
                  RUNDGDTEN=grid%rundgdten,RVNDGDTEN=grid%rvndgdten,                &
                  RTHNDGDTEN=grid%rthndgdten,RPHNDGDTEN=grid%rphndgdten,            &
                  RQVNDGDTEN=grid%rqvndgdten,RMUNDGDTEN=grid%rmundgdten,            &
!
! FASDAS
!
                  SDA_HFX=grid%SDA_HFX, SDA_QFX=grid%SDA_QFX,      &
                  HFX_FDDA=grid%HFX_FDDA,  & 
!
! END FASDAS
!
                  u_ndg_old=fdda3d(ims,kms,jms,P_u_ndg_old),                        &
                  v_ndg_old=fdda3d(ims,kms,jms,P_v_ndg_old),                        &
                  t_ndg_old=fdda3d(ims,kms,jms,P_t_ndg_old),                        &
                  ph_ndg_old=fdda3d(ims,kms,jms,P_ph_ndg_old),                      &
                  q_ndg_old=fdda3d(ims,kms,jms,P_q_ndg_old),                        &
                  mu_ndg_old=fdda2d(ims,1,jms,P_mu_ndg_old),                        &
                  u_ndg_new=fdda3d(ims,kms,jms,P_u_ndg_new),                        &
                  v_ndg_new=fdda3d(ims,kms,jms,P_v_ndg_new),                        &
                  t_ndg_new=fdda3d(ims,kms,jms,P_t_ndg_new),                        &
                  ph_ndg_new=fdda3d(ims,kms,jms,P_ph_ndg_new),                      &
                  q_ndg_new=fdda3d(ims,kms,jms,P_q_ndg_new),                        &
                  mu_ndg_new=fdda2d(ims,1,jms,P_mu_ndg_new),                        &
                  u3d=grid%u_2,v3d=grid%v_2,th_phy=th_phy,                          &
                  ph=grid%ph_2,rho=grid%rho,moist=moist,                            &
                  p_phy=p_phy,pi_phy=pi_phy,p8w=p8w,t_phy=grid%t_phy,               &
                  dz8w=dz8w,z=grid%z,z_at_w=grid%z_at_w,                            &
                  grid=grid,config_flags=config_flags,dx=grid%DX,n_moist=num_moist, &
                  STEPFG=grid%STEPFG,                                               &
                  pblh=grid%pblh,ht=grid%ht,REGIME=grid%regime,ZNT=grid%znt         &
                   ,IDS=ids,IDE=ide, JDS=jds,JDE=jde, KDS=kds,KDE=kde               &
                   ,IMS=ims,IME=ime, JMS=jms,JME=jme, KMS=kms,KME=kme               &
                   ,I_START=grid%i_start,I_END=min(grid%i_end, ide-1)               &
                   ,J_START=grid%j_start,J_END=min(grid%j_end, jde-1)               &
                   ,KTS=k_start, KTE=min(k_end,kde-1)                               &
                   , num_tiles=grid%num_tiles,                                      &
                   u10=grid%u10, v10=grid%v10, th2=grid%th2, q2=grid%q2,            &
                   u10_ndg_old=grid%u10_ndg_old,                    &
                   v10_ndg_old=grid%v10_ndg_old,                    &
                   t2_ndg_old=grid%t2_ndg_old,                      &
                   th2_ndg_old=grid%th2_ndg_old,                    &
                   q2_ndg_old=grid%q2_ndg_old,                      &
                   rh_ndg_old=grid%rh_ndg_old,                      &
                   psl_ndg_old=grid%psl_ndg_old,                    &
                   ps_ndg_old=grid%ps_ndg_old,                      &
                   tob_ndg_old=grid%tob_ndg_old,                                    &
                   odis_ndg_old=grid%odis_ndg_old,                                  &
                   u10_ndg_new=grid%u10_ndg_new,                    &
                   v10_ndg_new=grid%v10_ndg_new,                    &
                   t2_ndg_new=grid%t2_ndg_new,                      &
                   th2_ndg_new=grid%th2_ndg_new,                    &
                   q2_ndg_new=grid%q2_ndg_new,                      &
                   rh_ndg_new=grid%rh_ndg_new,                      &
                   psl_ndg_new=grid%psl_ndg_new,                    &
                   ps_ndg_new=grid%ps_ndg_new,                      &
                   tob_ndg_new=grid%tob_ndg_new,                                    &
                   odis_ndg_new=grid%odis_ndg_new                                   &
                   ,IPS=ips,IPE=ipe, JPS=jps,JPE=jpe, KPS=kps,KPE=kpe               &
                   ,IMSX=imsx,IMEX=imex,JMSX=jmsx,JMEX=jmex,KMSX=kmsx,KMEX=kmex     &
                   ,IPSX=ipsx,IPEX=ipex,JPSX=jpsx,JPEX=jpex,KPSX=kpsx,KPEX=kpex     &
                   ,IMSY=imsy,IMEY=imey,JMSY=jmsy,JMEY=jmey,KMSY=kmsy,KMEY=kmey     &
                   ,IPSY=ipsy,IPEY=ipey,JPSY=jpsy,JPEY=jpey,KPSY=kpsy,KPEY=kpey     )

BENCH_END(fdda_driver_tim)

  END SUBROUTINE first_rk_step_part1

END MODULE module_first_rk_step_part1
